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Add single-use plastics page with 7 DOT diagrams

Browse source 
Broken cycle, harmony test (tree vs bottle), scale of production
since 1950, the recycling lie, the American way of life mapped
hour by hour, thermal recovery with secondary combustion of sin
gases, and engineer-without alternatives. Links from manifesto nav.
This commit is contained in:
russell@unturf.com 2026-02-26 23:09:18 -05:00
parent 4e95c5199f
commit 5608ccd5d6
23 changed files with 1814 additions and 1 deletions
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2
let-us-define-a-permacomputer/index.html
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@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ The "head" tag holds "meta data" on how various clients should render or display
<!-- the unturf. logo in all it's raw & full definition glory! -->
<center><a href="/"><h1 style="font-family: 'chunkfiveregular'; margin-bottom: 0px;" >unturf.</h1></a></center>
<center><h3>grow food not lawn</h3></center>
<center><small><a href="/software/">free software</a> · <a href="/eight-forms-of-capital/">eight forms of capital</a></small></center>
<center><small><a href="/software/">free software</a> · <a href="/eight-forms-of-capital/">eight forms of capital</a> · <a href="/single-use-plastics/">single-use plastics</a></small></center>
<!--

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single-use-plastics/img/american-way.dot Normal file
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digraph american_way {
bgcolor="transparent"
rankdir=TB
pad=0.5
nodesep=0.4
ranksep=0.7
node [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=11
style="filled"
penwidth=2
shape=box
width=2.6
height=0.7
]
edge [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=9
penwidth=2
color="#F44336"
fontcolor="#B71C1C"
]
label="THE AMERICAN WAY OF LIFE\nevery convenience leaves a scar"
labelloc=t
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=16
fontcolor="#C62828"
// Morning
morning [
label="MORNING\n\nplastic toothbrush · plastic tube of toothpaste\nplastic shampoo bottle · plastic razor\nplastic deodorant stick"
fillcolor="#FFCDD2"
fontcolor="#B71C1C"
color="#F44336"
]
// Breakfast
breakfast [
label="BREAKFAST\n\nplastic milk jug · plastic cereal liner\nplastic yogurt cup · plastic straw\nplastic wrapped cheese · styrofoam cup"
fillcolor="#FFCDD2"
fontcolor="#B71C1C"
color="#F44336"
]
// Commute
commute [
label="COMMUTE\n\nplastic dashboard · plastic steering wheel\nnylon carpet · synthetic seats\nplastic gas station coffee lid"
fillcolor="#FFCDD2"
fontcolor="#B71C1C"
color="#F44336"
]
// Work
work [
label="WORK\n\nplastic keyboard · plastic monitor\nplastic pen · plastic binder\nplastic lunch container · plastic fork"
fillcolor="#FFCDD2"
fontcolor="#B71C1C"
color="#F44336"
]
// Shopping
shopping [
label="SHOPPING\n\nplastic bags · plastic wrapped produce\nplastic blister packs · plastic hangers\nshrink wrap · styrofoam trays"
fillcolor="#FFCDD2"
fontcolor="#B71C1C"
color="#F44336"
]
// Dinner
dinner [
label="DINNER\n\nplastic cutting board · plastic wrap\nplastic squeeze bottles · teflon pans\nplastic takeout containers"
fillcolor="#FFCDD2"
fontcolor="#B71C1C"
color="#F44336"
]
// Evening
evening [
label="EVENING\n\nplastic TV remote · polyester clothing\nplastic phone case · plastic charger\nnylon bedsheets · plastic mattress wrap"
fillcolor="#FFCDD2"
fontcolor="#B71C1C"
color="#F44336"
]
// The output
trash [
label="DAILY OUTPUT: 4.4 lbs waste per person\n300 million Americans × 365 days\n= 481 BILLION lbs per year\nrecycling rate: 5-6%"
fillcolor="#B71C1C"
fontcolor="white"
color="#7f0000"
penwidth=4
]
// The invisible cost
body [
label="INSIDE YOUR BODY\n\nmicroplastics in blood, lungs, placenta, brain\nestimated intake: 1 credit card per week\nendocrine disruptors in every sample tested"
fillcolor="#4E342E"
fontcolor="white"
color="#3E2723"
penwidth=4
]
morning -> breakfast
breakfast -> commute
commute -> work
work -> shopping
shopping -> dinner
dinner -> evening
evening -> trash [penwidth=4]
trash -> body [label="the plastic\ncomes home" penwidth=3]
body -> morning [label="wake up\ndo it again" style=dashed constraint=false]
}

BIN
single-use-plastics/img/american-way.png Normal file
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single-use-plastics/img/american-way.svg Normal file
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<!-- Generated by graphviz version 2.43.0 (0)
-->
<!-- Title: american_way Pages: 1 -->
<svg width="405pt" height="1151pt"
viewBox="0.00 0.00 405.00 1151.00" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="graph0" class="graph" transform="scale(1 1) rotate(0) translate(36 1115)">
<title>american_way</title>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="166.5" y="-1062.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#c62828">THE AMERICAN WAY OF LIFE</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="166.5" y="-1044.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#c62828">every convenience leaves a scar</text>
<!-- morning -->
<g id="node1" class="node">
<title>morning</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="270,-1035 0,-1035 0,-966 270,-966 270,-1035"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-1022.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">MORNING</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-997.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic toothbrush · plastic tube of toothpaste</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-985.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic shampoo bottle · plastic razor</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-973.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic deodorant stick</text>
</g>
<!-- breakfast -->
<g id="node2" class="node">
<title>breakfast</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="253.5,-915 16.5,-915 16.5,-846 253.5,-846 253.5,-915"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-902.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">BREAKFAST</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-877.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic milk jug · plastic cereal liner</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-865.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic yogurt cup · plastic straw</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-853.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic wrapped cheese · styrofoam cup</text>
</g>
<!-- morning&#45;&gt;breakfast -->
<g id="edge1" class="edge">
<title>morning&#45;&gt;breakfast</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M135,-965.69C135,-953.22 135,-938.9 135,-925.66"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="138.5,-925.32 135,-915.32 131.5,-925.32 138.5,-925.32"/>
</g>
<!-- commute -->
<g id="node3" class="node">
<title>commute</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="258,-795 12,-795 12,-726 258,-726 258,-795"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-782.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">COMMUTE</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-757.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic dashboard · plastic steering wheel</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-745.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">nylon carpet · synthetic seats</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-733.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic gas station coffee lid</text>
</g>
<!-- breakfast&#45;&gt;commute -->
<g id="edge2" class="edge">
<title>breakfast&#45;&gt;commute</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M135,-845.69C135,-833.22 135,-818.9 135,-805.66"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="138.5,-805.32 135,-795.32 131.5,-805.32 138.5,-805.32"/>
</g>
<!-- work -->
<g id="node4" class="node">
<title>work</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="241.5,-675 28.5,-675 28.5,-606 241.5,-606 241.5,-675"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-662.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">WORK</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-637.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic keyboard · plastic monitor</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-625.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic pen · plastic binder</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-613.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic lunch container · plastic fork</text>
</g>
<!-- commute&#45;&gt;work -->
<g id="edge3" class="edge">
<title>commute&#45;&gt;work</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M135,-725.69C135,-713.22 135,-698.9 135,-685.66"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="138.5,-685.32 135,-675.32 131.5,-685.32 138.5,-685.32"/>
</g>
<!-- shopping -->
<g id="node5" class="node">
<title>shopping</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="249.5,-555 20.5,-555 20.5,-486 249.5,-486 249.5,-555"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-542.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">SHOPPING</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-517.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic bags · plastic wrapped produce</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-505.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic blister packs · plastic hangers</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-493.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">shrink wrap · styrofoam trays</text>
</g>
<!-- work&#45;&gt;shopping -->
<g id="edge4" class="edge">
<title>work&#45;&gt;shopping</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M135,-605.69C135,-593.22 135,-578.9 135,-565.66"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="138.5,-565.32 135,-555.32 131.5,-565.32 138.5,-565.32"/>
</g>
<!-- dinner -->
<g id="node6" class="node">
<title>dinner</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="243.5,-435 26.5,-435 26.5,-366 243.5,-366 243.5,-435"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-422.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">DINNER</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-397.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic cutting board · plastic wrap</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-385.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic squeeze bottles · teflon pans</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-373.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic takeout containers</text>
</g>
<!-- shopping&#45;&gt;dinner -->
<g id="edge5" class="edge">
<title>shopping&#45;&gt;dinner</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M135,-485.69C135,-473.22 135,-458.9 135,-445.66"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="138.5,-445.32 135,-435.32 131.5,-445.32 138.5,-445.32"/>
</g>
<!-- evening -->
<g id="node7" class="node">
<title>evening</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="254.5,-315 15.5,-315 15.5,-246 254.5,-246 254.5,-315"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-302.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">EVENING</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-277.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic TV remote · polyester clothing</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-265.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">plastic phone case · plastic charger</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-253.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">nylon bedsheets · plastic mattress wrap</text>
</g>
<!-- dinner&#45;&gt;evening -->
<g id="edge6" class="edge">
<title>dinner&#45;&gt;evening</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M135,-365.69C135,-353.22 135,-338.9 135,-325.66"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="138.5,-325.32 135,-315.32 131.5,-325.32 138.5,-325.32"/>
</g>
<!-- trash -->
<g id="node8" class="node">
<title>trash</title>
<polygon fill="#b71c1c" stroke="#7f0000" stroke-width="4" points="254.5,-195 15.5,-195 15.5,-139 254.5,-139 254.5,-195"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-182.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">DAILY OUTPUT: 4.4 lbs waste per person</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-170.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">300 million Americans × 365 days</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-158.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">= 481 BILLION lbs per year</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-146.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">recycling rate: 5&#45;6%</text>
</g>
<!-- evening&#45;&gt;trash -->
<g id="edge7" class="edge">
<title>evening&#45;&gt;trash</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="4" d="M135,-245.74C135,-233 135,-218.43 135,-205.37"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="4" points="138.5,-205.29 135,-195.29 131.5,-205.29 138.5,-205.29"/>
</g>
<!-- body -->
<g id="node9" class="node">
<title>body</title>
<polygon fill="#4e342e" stroke="#3e2723" stroke-width="4" points="266.5,-69 3.5,-69 3.5,0 266.5,0 266.5,-69"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-56.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">INSIDE YOUR BODY</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-31.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">microplastics in blood, lungs, placenta, brain</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-19.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">estimated intake: 1 credit card per week</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="135" y="-7.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">endocrine disruptors in every sample tested</text>
</g>
<!-- trash&#45;&gt;body -->
<g id="edge8" class="edge">
<title>trash&#45;&gt;body</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="3" d="M135,-138.96C135,-121.67 135,-98.85 135,-79.04"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="3" points="138.5,-79 135,-69 131.5,-79 138.5,-79"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="164" y="-106.8" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#b71c1c">the plastic</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="164" y="-96.8" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#b71c1c">comes home</text>
</g>
<!-- body&#45;&gt;morning -->
<g id="edge9" class="edge">
<title>body&#45;&gt;morning</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="5,2" d="M200.98,-69.13C227.15,-86.21 254.45,-109.63 269,-139 307.42,-216.56 278.17,-546.82 273,-795 271.89,-848.37 294.67,-868.76 268,-915 257.43,-933.33 241.1,-948.29 223.47,-960.26"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="221.24,-957.53 214.72,-965.89 225.03,-963.42 221.24,-957.53"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="308.5" y="-523.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#b71c1c">wake up</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="308.5" y="-513.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#b71c1c">do it again</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
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single-use-plastics/img/broken-cycle.dot Normal file
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digraph broken_cycle {
bgcolor="transparent"
rankdir=LR
pad=0.5
nodesep=1.0
ranksep=1.2
node [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=12
style="filled"
penwidth=2
shape=box
width=2.0
height=0.9
]
edge [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=10
penwidth=3
]
label="THE BROKEN CYCLE\ninputs without outputs"
labelloc=t
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=16
fontcolor="#C62828"
petroleum [
label="PETROLEUM\n\nextracted from\n100 million year\nold deposits"
fillcolor="#37474F"
fontcolor="white"
color="#263238"
]
plastic [
label="SINGLE-USE\nPLASTIC\n\nused for minutes\nexists for centuries"
fillcolor="#F44336"
fontcolor="white"
color="#B71C1C"
penwidth=4
]
landfill [
label="LANDFILL\nOCEAN\nSOIL\n\nno output\nno return\nno cycle"
fillcolor="#4E342E"
fontcolor="white"
color="#3E2723"
]
nowhere [
label="?\n\nno process exists\nto return this\nto the earth"
shape=circle
fillcolor="#B71C1C"
fontcolor="white"
color="#7f0000"
width=1.8
fixedsize=true
]
petroleum -> plastic [
label="extract\nrefine\nmold"
color="#F44336"
fontcolor="#C62828"
]
plastic -> landfill [
label="use once\ndiscard"
color="#F44336"
fontcolor="#C62828"
]
landfill -> nowhere [
label="no path back\n400-1000 years\nto degrade"
color="#B71C1C"
fontcolor="#7f0000"
]
// The missing return arrow
nowhere -> petroleum [
label="THIS ARROW\nDOES NOT EXIST"
color="#B71C1C"
fontcolor="#7f0000"
style=dashed
penwidth=1
constraint=false
]
}

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single-use-plastics/img/broken-cycle.svg Normal file
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<!-- Generated by graphviz version 2.43.0 (0)
-->
<!-- Title: broken_cycle Pages: 1 -->
<svg width="1085pt" height="290pt"
viewBox="0.00 0.00 1085.00 290.30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="graph0" class="graph" transform="scale(1 1) rotate(0) translate(36 254.3)">
<title>broken_cycle</title>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="506.5" y="-201.5" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#c62828">THE BROKEN CYCLE</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="506.5" y="-183.5" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#c62828">inputs without outputs</text>
<!-- petroleum -->
<g id="node1" class="node">
<title>petroleum</title>
<polygon fill="#37474f" stroke="#263238" stroke-width="2" points="144,-146.3 0,-146.3 0,-72.3 144,-72.3 144,-146.3"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="72" y="-132.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">PETROLEUM</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="72" y="-105.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">extracted from</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="72" y="-92.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">100 million year</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="72" y="-79.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">old deposits</text>
</g>
<!-- plastic -->
<g id="node2" class="node">
<title>plastic</title>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#b71c1c" stroke-width="4" points="409,-146.3 265,-146.3 265,-72.3 409,-72.3 409,-146.3"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="337" y="-132.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">SINGLE&#45;USE</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="337" y="-119.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">PLASTIC</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="337" y="-92.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">used for minutes</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="337" y="-79.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">exists for centuries</text>
</g>
<!-- petroleum&#45;&gt;plastic -->
<g id="edge1" class="edge">
<title>petroleum&#45;&gt;plastic</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="3" d="M144.17,-109.3C178.23,-109.3 219.19,-109.3 254.49,-109.3"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="3" points="254.77,-112.8 264.77,-109.3 254.77,-105.8 254.77,-112.8"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="204.5" y="-134.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="10.00" fill="#c62828">extract</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="204.5" y="-123.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="10.00" fill="#c62828">refine</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="204.5" y="-112.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="10.00" fill="#c62828">mold</text>
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<g id="node3" class="node">
<title>landfill</title>
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="649" y="-132.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">OCEAN</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="649" y="-119.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">SOIL</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="649" y="-92.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">no output</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="649" y="-79.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">no return</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="649" y="-66.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">no cycle</text>
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<g id="edge2" class="edge">
<title>plastic&#45;&gt;landfill</title>
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<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="3" points="566.94,-112.8 576.94,-109.3 566.94,-105.8 566.94,-112.8"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="493" y="-123.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="10.00" fill="#c62828">use once</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="493" y="-112.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="10.00" fill="#c62828">discard</text>
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<!-- nowhere -->
<g id="node4" class="node">
<title>nowhere</title>
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="948" y="-132.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">?</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="948" y="-105.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">no process exists</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="948" y="-92.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">to return this</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="948" y="-79.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">to the earth</text>
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<g id="edge3" class="edge">
<title>landfill&#45;&gt;nowhere</title>
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="802" y="-134.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="10.00" fill="#7f0000">no path back</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="802" y="-123.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="10.00" fill="#7f0000">400&#45;1000 years</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="802" y="-112.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="10.00" fill="#7f0000">to degrade</text>
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<g id="edge4" class="edge">
<title>nowhere&#45;&gt;petroleum</title>
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="493" y="-17.3" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="10.00" fill="#7f0000">THIS ARROW</text>
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digraph engineer_without {
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rankdir=TB
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nodesep=0.5
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node [
fontname="Helvetica"
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edge [
fontname="Helvetica"
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]
label="ENGINEER WITHOUT\nreplace every single-use plastic with something that cycles"
labelloc=t
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=16
fontcolor="#2E7D32"
// Categories of replacement
subgraph cluster_food {
label="FOOD & DRINK"
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=12
fontcolor="#2E7D32"
style="rounded,filled"
color="#4CAF50"
fillcolor="#E8F5E9"
glass [label="glass bottles & jars\nreturn · refill · reuse forever" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
steel [label="stainless steel containers\nlunchbox · thermos · canteen" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
beeswax [label="beeswax wraps\nreplace plastic wrap · compostable" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
cotton_bag [label="cotton & hemp bags\nreplace plastic bags · last years" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
wooden [label="wooden utensils\nreplace plastic forks · compostable" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
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subgraph cluster_body {
label="BODY & HOME"
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=12
fontcolor="#1565C0"
style="rounded,filled"
color="#2196F3"
fillcolor="#E3F2FD"
bamboo [label="bamboo toothbrush\nreplace plastic · compostable" fillcolor="#BBDEFB" color="#2196F3" fontcolor="#0D47A1"]
bar_soap [label="bar soap & shampoo bars\nreplace plastic bottles entirely" fillcolor="#BBDEFB" color="#2196F3" fontcolor="#0D47A1"]
safety_razor [label="safety razor · cast iron pan\nmetal lasts generations" fillcolor="#BBDEFB" color="#2196F3" fontcolor="#0D47A1"]
wool [label="wool · linen · cotton · hemp\nreplace polyester · nylon · acrylic" fillcolor="#BBDEFB" color="#2196F3" fontcolor="#0D47A1"]
paper [label="paper & cardboard packaging\nreplace blister packs · shrink wrap" fillcolor="#BBDEFB" color="#2196F3" fontcolor="#0D47A1"]
}
subgraph cluster_infra {
label="INFRASTRUCTURE"
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=12
fontcolor="#E65100"
style="rounded,filled"
color="#FF9800"
fillcolor="#FFF3E0"
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deposit [label="deposit return systems\nbottle returns · container libraries" fillcolor="#FFE0B2" color="#FF9800" fontcolor="#E65100"]
repair [label="repair culture\nfix what breaks · share tools\nreject disposable everything" fillcolor="#FFE0B2" color="#FF9800" fontcolor="#E65100"]
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glass -> principle [color="#4CAF50" style=dashed]
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bulk -> principle [color="#FF9800" style=dashed]
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
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<!-- Title: engineer_without Pages: 1 -->
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viewBox="0.00 0.00 3295.00 318.00" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="graph0" class="graph" transform="scale(1 1) rotate(0) translate(36 282)">
<title>engineer_without</title>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1611.5" y="-229.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#2e7d32">ENGINEER WITHOUT</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1611.5" y="-211.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#2e7d32">replace every single&#45;use plastic with something that cycles</text>
<g id="clust1" class="cluster">
<title>cluster_food</title>
<path fill="#e8f5e9" stroke="#4caf50" d="M20,-107C20,-107 1141,-107 1141,-107 1147,-107 1153,-113 1153,-119 1153,-119 1153,-182 1153,-182 1153,-188 1147,-194 1141,-194 1141,-194 20,-194 20,-194 14,-194 8,-188 8,-182 8,-182 8,-119 8,-119 8,-113 14,-107 20,-107"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="580.5" y="-180.4" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#2e7d32">FOOD &amp; DRINK</text>
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<g id="clust2" class="cluster">
<title>cluster_body</title>
<path fill="#e3f2fd" stroke="#2196f3" d="M1186,-107C1186,-107 2290,-107 2290,-107 2296,-107 2302,-113 2302,-119 2302,-119 2302,-182 2302,-182 2302,-188 2296,-194 2290,-194 2290,-194 1186,-194 1186,-194 1180,-194 1174,-188 1174,-182 1174,-182 1174,-119 1174,-119 1174,-113 1180,-107 1186,-107"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1738" y="-180.4" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#1565c0">BODY &amp; HOME</text>
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<g id="clust3" class="cluster">
<title>cluster_infra</title>
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="2769" y="-180.4" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#e65100">INFRASTRUCTURE</text>
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<g id="node1" class="node">
<title>glass</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="1145.5,-165 958.5,-165 958.5,-115 1145.5,-115 1145.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1052" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">glass bottles &amp; jars</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1052" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">return · refill · reuse forever</text>
</g>
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<g id="node15" class="node">
<title>principle</title>
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="2201" y="-44.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">THE PRINCIPLE</text>
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="2201" y="-7.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">do not make it · do not buy it · do not use it</text>
</g>
<!-- glass&#45;&gt;principle -->
<g id="edge1" class="edge">
<title>glass&#45;&gt;principle</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="5,2" d="M1129.02,-114.96C1140.98,-111.88 1153.25,-109.08 1165,-107 1481.83,-50.88 1860.19,-35.34 2060.46,-31.08"/>
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</g>
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<g id="node2" class="node">
<title>steel</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="922.5,-165 735.5,-165 735.5,-115 922.5,-115 922.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="829" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">stainless steel containers</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="829" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">lunchbox · thermos · canteen</text>
</g>
<!-- beeswax -->
<g id="node3" class="node">
<title>beeswax</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="699.5,-165 490.5,-165 490.5,-115 699.5,-115 699.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="595" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">beeswax wraps</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="595" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">replace plastic wrap · compostable</text>
</g>
<!-- cotton_bag -->
<g id="node4" class="node">
<title>cotton_bag</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="454.5,-165 261.5,-165 261.5,-115 454.5,-115 454.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="358" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">cotton &amp; hemp bags</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="358" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">replace plastic bags · last years</text>
</g>
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<g id="node5" class="node">
<title>wooden</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="225.5,-165 16.5,-165 16.5,-115 225.5,-115 225.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="121" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">wooden utensils</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="121" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#1b5e20">replace plastic forks · compostable</text>
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<g id="node6" class="node">
<title>bamboo</title>
<polygon fill="#bbdefb" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="2294.5,-165 2107.5,-165 2107.5,-115 2294.5,-115 2294.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="2201" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">bamboo toothbrush</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="2201" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">replace plastic · compostable</text>
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<!-- bamboo&#45;&gt;principle -->
<g id="edge2" class="edge">
<title>bamboo&#45;&gt;principle</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="5,2" d="M2201,-114.97C2201,-101.03 2201,-83.15 2201,-67.36"/>
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<!-- bar_soap -->
<g id="node7" class="node">
<title>bar_soap</title>
<polygon fill="#bbdefb" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="2071.5,-165 1884.5,-165 1884.5,-115 2071.5,-115 2071.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1978" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">bar soap &amp; shampoo bars</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1978" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">replace plastic bottles entirely</text>
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<g id="node8" class="node">
<title>safety_razor</title>
<polygon fill="#bbdefb" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="1848.5,-165 1661.5,-165 1661.5,-115 1848.5,-115 1848.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1755" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">safety razor · cast iron pan</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1755" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">metal lasts generations</text>
</g>
<!-- wool -->
<g id="node9" class="node">
<title>wool</title>
<polygon fill="#bbdefb" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="1625.5,-165 1424.5,-165 1424.5,-115 1625.5,-115 1625.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1525" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">wool · linen · cotton · hemp</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1525" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">replace polyester · nylon · acrylic</text>
</g>
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<g id="node10" class="node">
<title>paper</title>
<polygon fill="#bbdefb" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="1388,-165 1182,-165 1182,-115 1388,-115 1388,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1285" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">paper &amp; cardboard packaging</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1285" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">replace blister packs · shrink wrap</text>
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<!-- bulk -->
<g id="node11" class="node">
<title>bulk</title>
<polygon fill="#ffe0b2" stroke="#ff9800" stroke-width="2" points="3206.5,-165 3015.5,-165 3015.5,-115 3206.5,-115 3206.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="3111" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#e65100">bulk refill stations</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="3111" y="-131.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#e65100">replace single&#45;serve everything</text>
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<!-- bulk&#45;&gt;principle -->
<g id="edge3" class="edge">
<title>bulk&#45;&gt;principle</title>
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<g id="node12" class="node">
<title>local</title>
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="2886" y="-149.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#e65100">local food systems</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="2886" y="-137.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#e65100">farmers market · CSA · garden</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="2886" y="-125.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#e65100">no packaging needed</text>
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<g id="node13" class="node">
<title>deposit</title>
<polygon fill="#ffe0b2" stroke="#ff9800" stroke-width="2" points="2756.5,-165 2553.5,-165 2553.5,-115 2756.5,-115 2756.5,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="2655" y="-143.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#e65100">deposit return systems</text>
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<g id="node14" class="node">
<title>repair</title>
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<text text-anchor="middle" x="2424" y="-149.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#e65100">repair culture</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="2424" y="-137.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#e65100">fix what breaks · share tools</text>
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single-use-plastics/img/harmony-test.dot Normal file
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digraph harmony_test {
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rankdir=TB
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node [
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fontsize=12
style="filled"
penwidth=2
shape=box
width=2.4
height=0.8
]
edge [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=10
penwidth=2.5
]
// Harmony definition
harmony [
label="HARMONY TEST\n\na system in harmony has\nappropriate inputs for all outputs"
shape=doublecircle
fillcolor="#263238"
fontcolor="#CDDC39"
color="#CDDC39"
fontsize=11
width=2.6
fixedsize=true
]
// Natural system passes
subgraph cluster_pass {
label="PASSES: a tree"
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=13
fontcolor="#2E7D32"
style="rounded,filled"
color="#4CAF50"
fillcolor="#E8F5E9"
sun [label="sunlight" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
water [label="water + minerals" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
co2 [label="CO2" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
tree [label="TREE" fillcolor="#4CAF50" fontcolor="white" color="#2E7D32" shape=ellipse]
oxygen [label="oxygen" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
fruit [label="fruit + wood" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
soil [label="leaf litter → soil" fillcolor="#C8E6C9" color="#4CAF50" fontcolor="#1B5E20"]
sun -> tree [color="#4CAF50"]
water -> tree [color="#4CAF50"]
co2 -> tree [color="#4CAF50"]
tree -> oxygen [color="#4CAF50"]
tree -> fruit [color="#4CAF50"]
tree -> soil [color="#4CAF50"]
soil -> water [color="#4CAF50" style=dashed label="cycle\ncloses" fontcolor="#2E7D32" fontsize=9]
}
// Plastic fails
subgraph cluster_fail {
label="FAILS: a plastic bottle"
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=13
fontcolor="#C62828"
style="rounded,filled"
color="#F44336"
fillcolor="#FFEBEE"
oil [label="crude oil" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
energy [label="fossil energy" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
chemicals [label="industrial chemicals" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
bottle [label="PLASTIC BOTTLE" fillcolor="#F44336" fontcolor="white" color="#B71C1C" shape=ellipse]
waste [label="landfill forever" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
microplastic [label="microplastics\nin blood, water, soil" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
co2out [label="CO2 emissions" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
oil -> bottle [color="#F44336"]
energy -> bottle [color="#F44336"]
chemicals -> bottle [color="#F44336"]
bottle -> waste [color="#F44336"]
bottle -> microplastic [color="#F44336"]
bottle -> co2out [color="#F44336"]
waste -> oil [color="#B71C1C" style=dashed label="cycle\nbroken" fontcolor="#B71C1C" fontsize=9]
}
harmony -> sun [style=invis]
harmony -> oil [style=invis]
}

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<!-- Generated by graphviz version 2.43.0 (0)
-->
<!-- Title: harmony_test Pages: 1 -->
<svg width="1493pt" height="807pt"
viewBox="0.00 0.00 1493.00 807.00" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="graph0" class="graph" transform="scale(1 1) rotate(0) translate(36 771)">
<title>harmony_test</title>
<g id="clust1" class="cluster">
<title>cluster_pass</title>
<path fill="#e8f5e9" stroke="#4caf50" d="M20,-8C20,-8 708,-8 708,-8 714,-8 720,-14 720,-20 720,-20 720,-486 720,-486 720,-492 714,-498 708,-498 708,-498 20,-498 20,-498 14,-498 8,-492 8,-486 8,-486 8,-20 8,-20 8,-14 14,-8 20,-8"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="364" y="-483.6" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="13.00" fill="#2e7d32">PASSES: a tree</text>
</g>
<g id="clust2" class="cluster">
<title>cluster_fail</title>
<path fill="#ffebee" stroke="#f44336" d="M773,-152C773,-152 1401,-152 1401,-152 1407,-152 1413,-158 1413,-164 1413,-164 1413,-486 1413,-486 1413,-492 1407,-498 1401,-498 1401,-498 773,-498 773,-498 767,-498 761,-492 761,-486 761,-486 761,-164 761,-164 761,-158 767,-152 773,-152"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1087" y="-483.6" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="13.00" fill="#c62828">FAILS: a plastic bottle</text>
</g>
<!-- harmony -->
<g id="node1" class="node">
<title>harmony</title>
<ellipse fill="#263238" stroke="#cddc39" stroke-width="2" cx="971" cy="-637.5" rx="93.5" ry="93.5"/>
<ellipse fill="none" stroke="#cddc39" stroke-width="2" cx="971" cy="-637.5" rx="97.5" ry="97.5"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="971" y="-653.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">HARMONY TEST</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="971" y="-628.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">a system in harmony has</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="971" y="-616.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">appropriate inputs for all outputs</text>
</g>
<!-- sun -->
<g id="node2" class="node">
<title>sun</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="711.5,-468 538.5,-468 538.5,-410 711.5,-410 711.5,-468"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="625" y="-435.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#1b5e20">sunlight</text>
</g>
<!-- harmony&#45;&gt;sun -->
<!-- oil -->
<g id="node9" class="node">
<title>oil</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="1404.5,-468 1231.5,-468 1231.5,-410 1404.5,-410 1404.5,-468"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1318" y="-435.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#b71c1c">crude oil</text>
</g>
<!-- harmony&#45;&gt;oil -->
<!-- tree -->
<g id="node5" class="node">
<title>tree</title>
<ellipse fill="#4caf50" stroke="#2e7d32" stroke-width="2" cx="394" cy="-314" rx="86.5" ry="29"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="394" y="-310.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">TREE</text>
</g>
<!-- sun&#45;&gt;tree -->
<g id="edge1" class="edge">
<title>sun&#45;&gt;tree</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" d="M572.29,-409.94C535.22,-390.2 485.75,-363.85 448.32,-343.93"/>
<polygon fill="#4caf50" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" points="449.55,-340.62 439.08,-339 446.26,-346.79 449.55,-340.62"/>
</g>
<!-- water -->
<g id="node3" class="node">
<title>water</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="450.5,-74 277.5,-74 277.5,-16 450.5,-16 450.5,-74"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="364" y="-41.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#1b5e20">water + minerals</text>
</g>
<!-- water&#45;&gt;tree -->
<g id="edge2" class="edge">
<title>water&#45;&gt;tree</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" d="M277.25,-59.05C161.59,-80.17 -21.08,-128.77 47,-218 78.16,-258.84 212.57,-286.42 304.65,-300.92"/>
<polygon fill="#4caf50" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" points="304.13,-304.38 314.54,-302.45 305.2,-297.46 304.13,-304.38"/>
</g>
<!-- co2 -->
<g id="node4" class="node">
<title>co2</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="480.5,-468 307.5,-468 307.5,-410 480.5,-410 480.5,-468"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="394" y="-435.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#1b5e20">CO2</text>
</g>
<!-- co2&#45;&gt;tree -->
<g id="edge3" class="edge">
<title>co2&#45;&gt;tree</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" d="M394,-409.78C394,-392.98 394,-371.45 394,-353.15"/>
<polygon fill="#4caf50" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" points="397.5,-353.09 394,-343.09 390.5,-353.09 397.5,-353.09"/>
</g>
<!-- oxygen -->
<g id="node6" class="node">
<title>oxygen</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="249.5,-218 76.5,-218 76.5,-160 249.5,-160 249.5,-218"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="163" y="-185.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#1b5e20">oxygen</text>
</g>
<!-- tree&#45;&gt;oxygen -->
<g id="edge4" class="edge">
<title>tree&#45;&gt;oxygen</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" d="M349.19,-289.14C313.84,-270.32 264.14,-243.86 224.98,-223"/>
<polygon fill="#4caf50" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" points="226.25,-219.71 215.78,-218.1 222.96,-225.89 226.25,-219.71"/>
</g>
<!-- fruit -->
<g id="node7" class="node">
<title>fruit</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="480.5,-218 307.5,-218 307.5,-160 480.5,-160 480.5,-218"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="394" y="-185.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#1b5e20">fruit + wood</text>
</g>
<!-- tree&#45;&gt;fruit -->
<g id="edge5" class="edge">
<title>tree&#45;&gt;fruit</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" d="M394,-284.78C394,-267.98 394,-246.45 394,-228.15"/>
<polygon fill="#4caf50" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" points="397.5,-228.09 394,-218.09 390.5,-228.09 397.5,-228.09"/>
</g>
<!-- soil -->
<g id="node8" class="node">
<title>soil</title>
<polygon fill="#c8e6c9" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2" points="711.5,-218 538.5,-218 538.5,-160 711.5,-160 711.5,-218"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="625" y="-185.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#1b5e20">leaf litter → soil</text>
</g>
<!-- tree&#45;&gt;soil -->
<g id="edge6" class="edge">
<title>tree&#45;&gt;soil</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" d="M438.81,-289.14C474.16,-270.32 523.86,-243.86 563.02,-223"/>
<polygon fill="#4caf50" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" points="565.04,-225.89 572.22,-218.1 561.75,-219.71 565.04,-225.89"/>
</g>
<!-- soil&#45;&gt;water -->
<g id="edge7" class="edge">
<title>soil&#45;&gt;water</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" stroke-dasharray="5,2" d="M573.43,-159.95C530.68,-136.68 469.81,-103.57 424.7,-79.03"/>
<polygon fill="#4caf50" stroke="#4caf50" stroke-width="2.5" points="426.36,-75.94 415.9,-74.24 423.02,-82.09 426.36,-75.94"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="524" y="-119.8" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#2e7d32">cycle</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="524" y="-109.8" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#2e7d32">closes</text>
</g>
<!-- bottle -->
<g id="node12" class="node">
<title>bottle</title>
<ellipse fill="#f44336" stroke="#b71c1c" stroke-width="2" cx="1087" cy="-314" rx="86.5" ry="29"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1087" y="-310.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="white">PLASTIC BOTTLE</text>
</g>
<!-- oil&#45;&gt;bottle -->
<g id="edge8" class="edge">
<title>oil&#45;&gt;bottle</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" d="M1265.29,-409.94C1228.22,-390.2 1178.75,-363.85 1141.32,-343.93"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" points="1142.55,-340.62 1132.08,-339 1139.26,-346.79 1142.55,-340.62"/>
</g>
<!-- energy -->
<g id="node10" class="node">
<title>energy</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="1173.5,-468 1000.5,-468 1000.5,-410 1173.5,-410 1173.5,-468"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1087" y="-435.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#b71c1c">fossil energy</text>
</g>
<!-- energy&#45;&gt;bottle -->
<g id="edge9" class="edge">
<title>energy&#45;&gt;bottle</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" d="M1087,-409.78C1087,-392.98 1087,-371.45 1087,-353.15"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" points="1090.5,-353.09 1087,-343.09 1083.5,-353.09 1090.5,-353.09"/>
</g>
<!-- chemicals -->
<g id="node11" class="node">
<title>chemicals</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="942.5,-468 769.5,-468 769.5,-410 942.5,-410 942.5,-468"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="856" y="-435.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#b71c1c">industrial chemicals</text>
</g>
<!-- chemicals&#45;&gt;bottle -->
<g id="edge10" class="edge">
<title>chemicals&#45;&gt;bottle</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" d="M908.71,-409.94C945.78,-390.2 995.25,-363.85 1032.68,-343.93"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" points="1034.74,-346.79 1041.92,-339 1031.45,-340.62 1034.74,-346.79"/>
</g>
<!-- waste -->
<g id="node13" class="node">
<title>waste</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="1404.5,-218 1231.5,-218 1231.5,-160 1404.5,-160 1404.5,-218"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1318" y="-185.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#b71c1c">landfill forever</text>
</g>
<!-- bottle&#45;&gt;waste -->
<g id="edge11" class="edge">
<title>bottle&#45;&gt;waste</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" d="M1131.81,-289.14C1167.16,-270.32 1216.86,-243.86 1256.02,-223"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" points="1258.04,-225.89 1265.22,-218.1 1254.75,-219.71 1258.04,-225.89"/>
</g>
<!-- microplastic -->
<g id="node14" class="node">
<title>microplastic</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="942.5,-218 769.5,-218 769.5,-160 942.5,-160 942.5,-218"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="856" y="-192.4" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#b71c1c">microplastics</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="856" y="-179.4" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#b71c1c">in blood, water, soil</text>
</g>
<!-- bottle&#45;&gt;microplastic -->
<g id="edge12" class="edge">
<title>bottle&#45;&gt;microplastic</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" d="M1042.19,-289.14C1006.84,-270.32 957.14,-243.86 917.98,-223"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" points="919.25,-219.71 908.78,-218.1 915.96,-225.89 919.25,-219.71"/>
</g>
<!-- co2out -->
<g id="node15" class="node">
<title>co2out</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="1173.5,-218 1000.5,-218 1000.5,-160 1173.5,-160 1173.5,-218"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1087" y="-185.9" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#b71c1c">CO2 emissions</text>
</g>
<!-- bottle&#45;&gt;co2out -->
<g id="edge13" class="edge">
<title>bottle&#45;&gt;co2out</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" d="M1087,-284.78C1087,-267.98 1087,-246.45 1087,-228.15"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2.5" points="1090.5,-228.09 1087,-218.09 1083.5,-228.09 1090.5,-228.09"/>
</g>
<!-- waste&#45;&gt;oil -->
<g id="edge14" class="edge">
<title>waste&#45;&gt;oil</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#b71c1c" stroke-width="2.5" stroke-dasharray="5,2" d="M1318,-218.12C1318,-262.57 1318,-349.18 1318,-399.41"/>
<polygon fill="#b71c1c" stroke="#b71c1c" stroke-width="2.5" points="1314.5,-399.55 1318,-409.55 1321.5,-399.55 1314.5,-399.55"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1334" y="-316.8" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#b71c1c">cycle</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="1334" y="-306.8" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#b71c1c">broken</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
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digraph recycling_lie {
bgcolor="transparent"
rankdir=TB
pad=0.5
nodesep=0.6
ranksep=0.8
node [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=11
style="filled"
penwidth=2
shape=box
width=2.6
height=0.7
]
edge [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=9
penwidth=2
]
label="THE RECYCLING LIE\nthe symbol was designed by the petroleum industry"
labelloc=t
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=16
fontcolor="#C62828"
// What they told you
subgraph cluster_promise {
label="WHAT THEY PROMISED"
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=12
fontcolor="#1565C0"
style="rounded,filled"
color="#2196F3"
fillcolor="#E3F2FD"
buy [label="buy plastic products" fillcolor="#BBDEFB" color="#2196F3" fontcolor="#0D47A1"]
sort [label="sort into recycling bin" fillcolor="#BBDEFB" color="#2196F3" fontcolor="#0D47A1"]
recycle [label="recycled into new products" fillcolor="#BBDEFB" color="#2196F3" fontcolor="#0D47A1"]
circle [label="circular economy" fillcolor="#BBDEFB" color="#2196F3" fontcolor="#0D47A1"]
buy -> sort -> recycle -> circle [color="#2196F3"]
circle -> buy [color="#2196F3" style=dashed]
}
// What actually happens
subgraph cluster_reality {
label="WHAT ACTUALLY HAPPENS"
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=12
fontcolor="#C62828"
style="rounded,filled"
color="#F44336"
fillcolor="#FFEBEE"
buy2 [label="buy plastic products" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
sort2 [label="sort into recycling bin\n(feel good about yourself)" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
ship [label="shipped to Southeast Asia\nor dumped in local landfill" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
burn_dump [label="burned in open air\nor dumped in rivers\npoisoning communities" fillcolor="#F44336" fontcolor="white" color="#B71C1C"]
ocean [label="8-12 million tons enter\noceans every year" fillcolor="#B71C1C" fontcolor="white" color="#7f0000"]
buy2 -> sort2 -> ship -> burn_dump -> ocean [color="#F44336"]
}
// The numbers
numbers [
label="THE NUMBERS\n\n8.7 billion tons produced total\n6.3 billion tons became waste\n9% recycled · 12% incinerated · 79% landfill or environment\nrecycling was never the plan · selling plastic was the plan"
fillcolor="#263238"
fontcolor="#CDDC39"
color="#CDDC39"
penwidth=3
width=3.4
height=1.2
]
circle -> numbers [style=invis]
ocean -> numbers [color="#B71C1C" label="where it\nactually goes" fontcolor="#7f0000"]
}

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<!-- Generated by graphviz version 2.43.0 (0)
-->
<!-- Title: recycling_lie Pages: 1 -->
<svg width="566pt" height="811pt"
viewBox="0.00 0.00 566.00 811.00" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="graph0" class="graph" transform="scale(1 1) rotate(0) translate(36 775)">
<title>recycling_lie</title>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="247" y="-722.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#c62828">THE RECYCLING LIE</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="247" y="-704.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#c62828">the symbol was designed by the petroleum industry</text>
<g id="clust1" class="cluster">
<title>cluster_promise</title>
<path fill="#e3f2fd" stroke="#2196f3" d="M20,-156C20,-156 244,-156 244,-156 250,-156 256,-162 256,-168 256,-168 256,-558 256,-558 256,-564 250,-570 244,-570 244,-570 20,-570 20,-570 14,-570 8,-564 8,-558 8,-558 8,-168 8,-168 8,-162 14,-156 20,-156"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="132" y="-556.4" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#1565c0">WHAT THEY PROMISED</text>
</g>
<g id="clust2" class="cluster">
<title>cluster_reality</title>
<path fill="#ffebee" stroke="#f44336" d="M296,-156C296,-156 474,-156 474,-156 480,-156 486,-162 486,-168 486,-168 486,-675 486,-675 486,-681 480,-687 474,-687 474,-687 296,-687 296,-687 290,-687 284,-681 284,-675 284,-675 284,-168 284,-168 284,-162 290,-156 296,-156"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-673.4" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="12.00" fill="#c62828">WHAT ACTUALLY HAPPENS</text>
</g>
<!-- buy -->
<g id="node1" class="node">
<title>buy</title>
<polygon fill="#bbdefb" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="225.5,-541 38.5,-541 38.5,-491 225.5,-491 225.5,-541"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="132" y="-513.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">buy plastic products</text>
</g>
<!-- sort -->
<g id="node2" class="node">
<title>sort</title>
<polygon fill="#bbdefb" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="202.5,-432 15.5,-432 15.5,-382 202.5,-382 202.5,-432"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="109" y="-404.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">sort into recycling bin</text>
</g>
<!-- buy&#45;&gt;sort -->
<g id="edge1" class="edge">
<title>buy&#45;&gt;sort</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" d="M126.84,-490.99C123.75,-476.63 119.78,-458.16 116.37,-442.29"/>
<polygon fill="#2196f3" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="119.75,-441.34 114.22,-432.3 112.9,-442.82 119.75,-441.34"/>
</g>
<!-- recycle -->
<g id="node3" class="node">
<title>recycle</title>
<polygon fill="#bbdefb" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="202.5,-323 15.5,-323 15.5,-273 202.5,-273 202.5,-323"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="109" y="-295.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">recycled into new products</text>
</g>
<!-- sort&#45;&gt;recycle -->
<g id="edge2" class="edge">
<title>sort&#45;&gt;recycle</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" d="M109,-381.99C109,-367.77 109,-349.51 109,-333.74"/>
<polygon fill="#2196f3" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="112.5,-333.3 109,-323.3 105.5,-333.3 112.5,-333.3"/>
</g>
<!-- circle -->
<g id="node4" class="node">
<title>circle</title>
<polygon fill="#bbdefb" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="248.5,-214 61.5,-214 61.5,-164 248.5,-164 248.5,-214"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="155" y="-186.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#0d47a1">circular economy</text>
</g>
<!-- recycle&#45;&gt;circle -->
<g id="edge3" class="edge">
<title>recycle&#45;&gt;circle</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" d="M119.32,-272.99C125.55,-258.5 133.59,-239.81 140.45,-223.84"/>
<polygon fill="#2196f3" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="143.82,-224.87 144.55,-214.3 137.39,-222.11 143.82,-224.87"/>
</g>
<!-- circle&#45;&gt;buy -->
<g id="edge4" class="edge">
<title>circle&#45;&gt;buy</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" stroke-dasharray="5,2" d="M183.03,-214.23C198.33,-229.37 215.78,-250.27 224,-273 248.02,-339.46 252.71,-367.43 224,-432 214.69,-452.95 197.19,-470.84 179.93,-484.58"/>
<polygon fill="#2196f3" stroke="#2196f3" stroke-width="2" points="177.34,-482.15 171.51,-491 181.59,-487.72 177.34,-482.15"/>
</g>
<!-- numbers -->
<g id="node10" class="node">
<title>numbers</title>
<polygon fill="#263238" stroke="#cddc39" stroke-width="3" points="444,-86 96,-86 96,0 444,0 444,-86"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="270" y="-70.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">THE NUMBERS</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="270" y="-45.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">8.7 billion tons produced total</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="270" y="-33.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">6.3 billion tons became waste</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="270" y="-21.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">9% recycled · 12% incinerated · 79% landfill or environment</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="270" y="-9.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#cddc39">recycling was never the plan · selling plastic was the plan</text>
</g>
<!-- circle&#45;&gt;numbers -->
<!-- buy2 -->
<g id="node5" class="node">
<title>buy2</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="478.5,-658 291.5,-658 291.5,-608 478.5,-608 478.5,-658"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-630.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">buy plastic products</text>
</g>
<!-- sort2 -->
<g id="node6" class="node">
<title>sort2</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="478.5,-541 291.5,-541 291.5,-491 478.5,-491 478.5,-541"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-519.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">sort into recycling bin</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-507.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">(feel good about yourself)</text>
</g>
<!-- buy2&#45;&gt;sort2 -->
<g id="edge5" class="edge">
<title>buy2&#45;&gt;sort2</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M385,-607.89C385,-591.49 385,-569.53 385,-551.3"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="388.5,-551.08 385,-541.08 381.5,-551.08 388.5,-551.08"/>
</g>
<!-- ship -->
<g id="node7" class="node">
<title>ship</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="478.5,-432 291.5,-432 291.5,-382 478.5,-382 478.5,-432"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-410.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">shipped to Southeast Asia</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-398.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">or dumped in local landfill</text>
</g>
<!-- sort2&#45;&gt;ship -->
<g id="edge6" class="edge">
<title>sort2&#45;&gt;ship</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M385,-490.99C385,-476.77 385,-458.51 385,-442.74"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="388.5,-442.3 385,-432.3 381.5,-442.3 388.5,-442.3"/>
</g>
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<g id="node8" class="node">
<title>burn_dump</title>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#b71c1c" stroke-width="2" points="478.5,-323 291.5,-323 291.5,-273 478.5,-273 478.5,-323"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-307.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">burned in open air</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-295.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">or dumped in rivers</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-283.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">poisoning communities</text>
</g>
<!-- ship&#45;&gt;burn_dump -->
<g id="edge7" class="edge">
<title>ship&#45;&gt;burn_dump</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M385,-381.99C385,-367.77 385,-349.51 385,-333.74"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="388.5,-333.3 385,-323.3 381.5,-333.3 388.5,-333.3"/>
</g>
<!-- ocean -->
<g id="node9" class="node">
<title>ocean</title>
<polygon fill="#b71c1c" stroke="#7f0000" stroke-width="2" points="478.5,-214 291.5,-214 291.5,-164 478.5,-164 478.5,-214"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-192.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">8&#45;12 million tons enter</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="385" y="-180.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">oceans every year</text>
</g>
<!-- burn_dump&#45;&gt;ocean -->
<g id="edge8" class="edge">
<title>burn_dump&#45;&gt;ocean</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M385,-272.99C385,-258.77 385,-240.51 385,-224.74"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="388.5,-224.3 385,-214.3 381.5,-224.3 388.5,-224.3"/>
</g>
<!-- ocean&#45;&gt;numbers -->
<g id="edge10" class="edge">
<title>ocean&#45;&gt;numbers</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#b71c1c" stroke-width="2" d="M365.75,-163.9C350.59,-144.91 328.92,-117.78 310.04,-94.13"/>
<polygon fill="#b71c1c" stroke="#b71c1c" stroke-width="2" points="312.73,-91.89 303.75,-86.26 307.26,-96.26 312.73,-91.89"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="371" y="-127.8" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#7f0000">where it</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="371" y="-117.8" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="9.00" fill="#7f0000">actually goes</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
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digraph scale {
bgcolor="transparent"
rankdir=TB
pad=0.5
nodesep=0.3
ranksep=0.5
node [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=11
style="filled"
penwidth=2
shape=box
width=3.2
height=0.6
]
edge [
penwidth=2
color="#F44336"
arrowsize=0.8
]
label="THE SCALE\n1950 to now"
labelloc=t
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=16
fontcolor="#C62828"
a [label="1950: 2 million tons of plastic produced per year" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
b [label="1970: 35 million tons · Great Pacific Garbage Patch begins forming" fillcolor="#FFCDD2" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
c [label="1990: 120 million tons · recycling symbol added to deceive consumers" fillcolor="#EF9A9A" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
d [label="2000: 213 million tons · microplastics found in human blood" fillcolor="#EF9A9A" color="#F44336" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
e [label="2010: 334 million tons · ocean plastic outweighs all fish by 2050 trajectory" fillcolor="#E57373" color="#D32F2F" fontcolor="#B71C1C"]
f [label="2020: 400+ million tons · plastic found in placentas, lungs, brains" fillcolor="#EF5350" color="#C62828" fontcolor="white"]
g [label="2024: 450+ million tons · less than 6% ever recycled · the rest is forever" fillcolor="#F44336" color="#B71C1C" fontcolor="white"]
total [
label="CUMULATIVE: 10+ BILLION TONS PRODUCED SINCE 1950\n\n8.3 billion tons remain on earth as waste\nthe planet had zero synthetic plastic before 1907\nevery piece ever made still exists somewhere"
fillcolor="#B71C1C"
fontcolor="white"
color="#7f0000"
penwidth=4
height=1.2
]
a -> b -> c -> d -> e -> f -> g -> total
}

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107
single-use-plastics/img/scale-of-problem.svg Normal file
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
<!-- Generated by graphviz version 2.43.0 (0)
-->
<!-- Title: scale Pages: 1 -->
<svg width="500pt" height="755pt"
viewBox="0.00 0.00 500.00 755.00" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g id="graph0" class="graph" transform="scale(1 1) rotate(0) translate(36 719)">
<title>scale</title>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-666.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#c62828">THE SCALE</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-648.2" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="16.00" fill="#c62828">1950 to now</text>
<!-- a -->
<g id="node1" class="node">
<title>a</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="356,-639 72,-639 72,-596 356,-596 356,-639"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-614.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">1950: 2 million tons of plastic produced per year</text>
</g>
<!-- b -->
<g id="node2" class="node">
<title>b</title>
<polygon fill="#ffcdd2" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="405,-560 23,-560 23,-517 405,-517 405,-560"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-535.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">1970: 35 million tons · Great Pacific Garbage Patch begins forming</text>
</g>
<!-- a&#45;&gt;b -->
<g id="edge1" class="edge">
<title>a&#45;&gt;b</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M214,-595.87C214,-587.41 214,-577.47 214,-568.31"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="216.8,-568.19 214,-560.19 211.2,-568.19 216.8,-568.19"/>
</g>
<!-- c -->
<g id="node3" class="node">
<title>c</title>
<polygon fill="#ef9a9a" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="417,-481 11,-481 11,-438 417,-438 417,-481"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-456.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">1990: 120 million tons · recycling symbol added to deceive consumers</text>
</g>
<!-- b&#45;&gt;c -->
<g id="edge2" class="edge">
<title>b&#45;&gt;c</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M214,-516.87C214,-508.41 214,-498.47 214,-489.31"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="216.8,-489.19 214,-481.19 211.2,-489.19 216.8,-489.19"/>
</g>
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<g id="node4" class="node">
<title>d</title>
<polygon fill="#ef9a9a" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="387,-402 41,-402 41,-359 387,-359 387,-402"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-377.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">2000: 213 million tons · microplastics found in human blood</text>
</g>
<!-- c&#45;&gt;d -->
<g id="edge3" class="edge">
<title>c&#45;&gt;d</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M214,-437.87C214,-429.41 214,-419.47 214,-410.31"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="216.8,-410.19 214,-402.19 211.2,-410.19 216.8,-410.19"/>
</g>
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<g id="node5" class="node">
<title>e</title>
<polygon fill="#e57373" stroke="#d32f2f" stroke-width="2" points="428,-323 0,-323 0,-280 428,-280 428,-323"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-298.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="#b71c1c">2010: 334 million tons · ocean plastic outweighs all fish by 2050 trajectory</text>
</g>
<!-- d&#45;&gt;e -->
<g id="edge4" class="edge">
<title>d&#45;&gt;e</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M214,-358.87C214,-350.41 214,-340.47 214,-331.31"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="216.8,-331.19 214,-323.19 211.2,-331.19 216.8,-331.19"/>
</g>
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<g id="node6" class="node">
<title>f</title>
<polygon fill="#ef5350" stroke="#c62828" stroke-width="2" points="403,-244 25,-244 25,-201 403,-201 403,-244"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-219.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">2020: 400+ million tons · plastic found in placentas, lungs, brains</text>
</g>
<!-- e&#45;&gt;f -->
<g id="edge5" class="edge">
<title>e&#45;&gt;f</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M214,-279.87C214,-271.41 214,-261.47 214,-252.31"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="216.8,-252.19 214,-244.19 211.2,-252.19 216.8,-252.19"/>
</g>
<!-- g -->
<g id="node7" class="node">
<title>g</title>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#b71c1c" stroke-width="2" points="424,-165 4,-165 4,-122 424,-122 424,-165"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-140.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">2024: 450+ million tons · less than 6% ever recycled · the rest is forever</text>
</g>
<!-- f&#45;&gt;g -->
<g id="edge6" class="edge">
<title>f&#45;&gt;g</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M214,-200.87C214,-192.41 214,-182.47 214,-173.31"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="216.8,-173.19 214,-165.19 211.2,-173.19 216.8,-173.19"/>
</g>
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<g id="node8" class="node">
<title>total</title>
<polygon fill="#b71c1c" stroke="#7f0000" stroke-width="4" points="380,-86 48,-86 48,0 380,0 380,-86"/>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-64.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">CUMULATIVE: 10+ BILLION TONS PRODUCED SINCE 1950</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-39.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">8.3 billion tons remain on earth as waste</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-27.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">the planet had zero synthetic plastic before 1907</text>
<text text-anchor="middle" x="214" y="-15.7" font-family="Helvetica,sans-Serif" font-size="11.00" fill="white">every piece ever made still exists somewhere</text>
</g>
<!-- g&#45;&gt;total -->
<g id="edge7" class="edge">
<title>g&#45;&gt;total</title>
<path fill="none" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" d="M214,-121.61C214,-113.58 214,-104.03 214,-94.41"/>
<polygon fill="#f44336" stroke="#f44336" stroke-width="2" points="216.8,-94.35 214,-86.35 211.2,-94.35 216.8,-94.35"/>
</g>
</g>
</svg>
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single-use-plastics/img/thermal-recovery.dot Normal file
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digraph thermal_recovery {
bgcolor="transparent"
rankdir=LR
pad=0.5
nodesep=0.8
ranksep=1.0
node [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=12
style="filled"
penwidth=2
shape=box
width=2.0
height=0.9
]
edge [
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=10
penwidth=3
]
label="THERMAL RECOVERY\nburn the sin, fully combust the gases"
labelloc=t
fontname="Helvetica"
fontsize=16
fontcolor="#E65100"
waste_plastic [
label="NON-RECYCLABLE\nPLASTIC\n\ndegraded · contaminated\nmixed · single-use"
fillcolor="#F44336"
fontcolor="white"
color="#B71C1C"
]
combustion [
label="PRIMARY\nCOMBUSTION\n\nhigh temperature\ncontrolled burn"
fillcolor="#FF9800"
fontcolor="white"
color="#E65100"
shape=diamond
width=2.2
height=1.4
]
secondary [
label="SECONDARY\nCOMBUSTION\n\nfully burn sin gases\ndioxins · furans\nfluorine · chlorine"
fillcolor="#FF5722"
fontcolor="white"
color="#BF360C"
shape=diamond
width=2.2
height=1.4
]
// Outputs
heat [
label="THERMAL\nENERGY\n\nheating · electricity\ngreenhouse · workshop"
fillcolor="#4CAF50"
fontcolor="white"
color="#2E7D32"
]
ash [
label="INERT ASH\n\nmineral content\nreturns to earth\ncycle closes"
fillcolor="#795548"
fontcolor="white"
color="#4E342E"
]
clean_exhaust [
label="CLEAN\nEXHAUST\n\nCO2 + H2O\nmonitored\nfiltered"
fillcolor="#90A4AE"
fontcolor="white"
color="#546E7A"
]
waste_plastic -> combustion [
label="petroleum energy\nlocked inside"
color="#FF9800"
fontcolor="#E65100"
]
combustion -> secondary [
label="sin gases\nmust not escape"
color="#FF5722"
fontcolor="#BF360C"
]
combustion -> heat [
label="capture\nheat"
color="#4CAF50"
fontcolor="#2E7D32"
]
secondary -> clean_exhaust [
label="fully\ncombust"
color="#4CAF50"
fontcolor="#2E7D32"
]
secondary -> ash [
label="mineral\nresidue"
color="#795548"
fontcolor="#4E342E"
]
// vs just dumping
dump [
label="ALTERNATIVE:\ndo nothing\n\nlandfill 1000 years\nmicroplastics forever\npoison groundwater"
fillcolor="#B71C1C"
fontcolor="white"
color="#7f0000"
style="filled,dashed"
]
waste_plastic -> dump [
label="the current\n'plan'"
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>single-use plastics &#8212; unturf.</title>
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<center><a href="/"><h1 style="font-family: 'chunkfiveregular'; margin-bottom: 0px;">unturf.</h1></a></center>
<center><h3>grow food not lawn</h3></center>
<center><small><a href="/let-us-define-a-permacomputer/">manifesto</a> · <a href="/eight-forms-of-capital/">eight forms of capital</a> · <a href="/software/">free software</a></small></center>
<h2>Single-Use Plastics</h2>
<p>
Unturf rejects single-use plastics.
</p>
<p>
A system in harmony has appropriate inputs for all of its outputs. Single-use plastic fails this test absolutely. The input draws from petroleum deposits laid down over a hundred million years. The output persists for a thousand years in landfill, or forever as microplastics in soil, water, and blood. No process exists to close this cycle. The arrow from output back to input does not exist.
</p>
<figure class="diagram">
<img src="img/broken-cycle.svg" alt="The broken cycle: petroleum to plastic to landfill to nowhere">
<figcaption>inputs without outputs. the return arrow does not exist.</figcaption>
</figure>
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<!-- THE HARMONY TEST -->
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<h3>The Harmony Test</h3>
<p>
The <a href="/let-us-define-a-permacomputer/">permacomputer manifesto</a> defines harmony: a system in harmony has appropriate inputs for all of its outputs. Very little waste or pollution during operation. Apply this test to a tree and to a plastic bottle. One passes. One fails.
</p>
<figure class="diagram">
<img src="img/harmony-test.svg" alt="A tree passes the harmony test, a plastic bottle fails">
<figcaption>a tree cycles everything. a plastic bottle cycles nothing.</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
A tree takes sunlight, water, and CO2. It produces oxygen, fruit, wood, and leaf litter that becomes soil that feeds the water table that feeds the tree. Every output becomes an input. The cycle closes. A plastic bottle takes crude oil, fossil energy, and industrial chemicals. It produces landfill waste, microplastics, and CO2 emissions. No output becomes an input. The cycle breaks.
</p>
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<!-- THE SCALE -->
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<h3>The Scale of the Problem</h3>
<p>
Before 1907, zero synthetic plastic existed on earth. In the span of one human lifetime, the petroleum industry produced over ten billion tons of the stuff. Every piece ever manufactured still exists somewhere.
</p>
<figure class="diagram">
<img src="img/scale-of-problem.svg" alt="Timeline of plastic production from 2 million tons in 1950 to 450+ million tons today">
<figcaption>from zero to ten billion tons in one century. every piece still here.</figcaption>
</figure>
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<!-- THE RECYCLING LIE -->
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<h3>The Recycling Lie</h3>
<p>
The recycling symbol on plastic was placed there by the petroleum industry. Not to enable recycling. To enable selling. The symbol transfers guilt from producer to consumer. You sort your trash. You feel responsible. You believe the cycle closes. It does not.
</p>
<figure class="diagram">
<img src="img/recycling-lie.svg" alt="What recycling promised versus what actually happens">
<figcaption>9% recycled. 79% in landfill or environment. the symbol was a marketing campaign.</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
Less than 6% of plastic produced in the United States gets recycled. The rest goes to landfill, gets shipped overseas, gets burned in open air poisoning communities in Southeast Asia, or enters the ocean. The numbered resin codes (1 through 7) were never recycling categories. They were material identification codes that the industry knew consumers would confuse with recyclability. The confusion was the product.
</p>
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<!-- THE AMERICAN WAY OF LIFE -->
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<h3>The American Way of Life</h3>
<p>
An average American touches single-use plastic from the moment they wake until the moment they sleep. Plastic toothbrush, plastic shampoo bottle, plastic milk jug, plastic wrapped food, plastic dashboard, plastic keyboard, plastic takeout container, polyester clothes, plastic phone case. Every convenience leaves a scar that outlasts the person who used it by centuries.
</p>
<figure class="diagram">
<img src="img/american-way.svg" alt="A day in the American life: plastic at every step, 4.4 lbs waste per person per day">
<figcaption>4.4 lbs of waste per person per day. 300 million people. 365 days. do the math.</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
Microplastics now appear in human blood, lung tissue, placentas, and brain tissue. Researchers estimate the average person ingests approximately one credit card worth of plastic per week through food, water, and air. Endocrine disruptors leaching from plastics interfere with hormone systems across every species tested. The American way of life wrapped itself in plastic and the plastic wrapped itself in us.
</p>
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<!-- THE UNTURF POSITION -->
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<h3>The Unturf Position</h3>
<p>
Two actions. Not one. Both.
</p>
<p>
<b>First: engineer ways to do without.</b> Every single-use plastic has an alternative that cycles back to the earth. Glass, steel, wood, cotton, hemp, beeswax, paper, bamboo. These materials existed before plastic. They will exist after. The engineering challenge is not invention but substitution: replace the convenient poison with the durable remedy, at every point of contact, from morning to night.
</p>
<figure class="diagram">
<img src="img/engineer-without.svg" alt="Replace every single-use plastic with materials that cycle">
<figcaption>if it cannot cycle back to the earth, do not make it, do not buy it, do not use it</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
<b>Second: use non-recyclable plastics as thermal feedstock.</b> Plastic that already exists and cannot be recycled still contains the petroleum energy locked in during manufacturing. Burn it. Capture the heat for greenhouses, workshops, and electricity generation. But the burn must be complete. The sin gases from burning degraded plastic (dioxins, furans, chlorine compounds, fluorine compounds) must pass through secondary combustion at temperatures high enough to fully destroy them. The exhaust must be monitored and filtered. Burn the sin. Do not release it.
</p>
<figure class="diagram">
<img src="img/thermal-recovery.svg" alt="Thermal recovery: controlled combustion with secondary burn of sin gases">
<figcaption>primary combustion extracts heat. secondary combustion destroys the poison. the alternative is landfill forever.</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
This is not incineration as practiced by municipal waste systems that burn at low temperatures and release toxins. This is engineered thermal recovery with complete combustion of all hazardous byproducts. The difference matters. One poisons communities. The other closes the loop on material that has no other exit.
</p>
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<!-- THE PRINCIPLE -->
<!-- ============================================================ -->
<h3>The Principle</h3>
<p>
A permacomputer operates in harmony. Inputs match outputs. Waste approaches zero. Single-use plastic violates every property of permanence. It extracts from deposits that took geological ages to form. It persists in forms that poison living systems. It pretends to recycle while accumulating. It breaks the cycle at every point.
</p>
<p>
Unturf grows systems of permanence. Plastic that cannot return to the earth has no place in a permanent system. We engineer the alternatives. We burn what remains. We fully combust the sin. We close the loop or we do not participate.
</p>
<p>
Grow food not lawn. Grow glass not plastic. Grow what cycles.
</p>
<hr>
<p><a href="/let-us-define-a-permacomputer/">&#8592; back to the manifesto</a></p>
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<center>Russell Ballestrini | unturf. &copy; 2025</center>
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