Add JIT: transpile Scheme AST to Python source, exec() it
JIT ack(3,4): 3ms. VM ack(3,4): 2680ms. 870x speedup. JIT runs at CPython speed — eliminates the entire dispatch loop. Transpiles: if, cond, and, or, arithmetic, comparison, car/cdr/cons, predicates, recursive function calls. Generates Python ternary expressions from Scheme conditionals. (jit proc) — JIT a procedure, returns native callable (jit-source proc) — show generated Python source Named-let loops bail to VM (need statement-level code). 571 tests green.
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322
uncommonlisp.py
322
uncommonlisp.py
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@ -2229,6 +2229,326 @@ def bc_compile_proc(proc, env):
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return CompiledProc(code, proc.params, proc.rest, proc.env, proc.name)
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###############################################################################
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# JIT: Transpile bytecode to Python source, exec() it
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###############################################################################
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def _jit_compile(proc):
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"""JIT a Proc/CompiledProc to a native Python function via AST transpilation."""
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if isinstance(proc, CompiledProc):
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# Need the original AST — can't JIT from bytecode alone
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return None
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if not isinstance(proc, Proc): return None
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if proc.rest: return None # rest args too complex
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params = [str(p) for p in proc.params]
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name = proc.name or '_fn'
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# Sanitize name for Python
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pyname = ''.join(c if c.isalnum() or c == '_' else '_' for c in name)
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if not pyname or pyname[0].isdigit(): pyname = '_' + pyname
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try:
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body_src = _jit_expr(proc.body, params)
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except _JitBail:
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return None
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source = f'def {pyname}({", ".join(params)}):\n return {body_src}'
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ns = {'Pair': Pair, 'NIL': NIL, 'VOID': VOID, 'S': S, 'Fraction': Fraction,
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'True': True, 'False': False}
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# Add self-reference for recursion
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try:
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exec(source, ns)
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fn = ns[pyname]
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# For recursive functions, bind self
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if name in source:
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ns[pyname] = fn
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exec(source, ns)
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fn = ns[pyname]
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def jit_wrapper(args, env):
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return fn(*args)
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jit_wrapper._jit_source = source
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jit_wrapper._jit_name = name
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return jit_wrapper
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except Exception:
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return None
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class _JitBail(Exception): pass
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def _jit_expr(body, params):
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"""Transpile Scheme body (list of exprs) to a Python expression string."""
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if len(body) == 1: return _jit_one(body[0], params)
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# begin: evaluate all, return last (only works if non-last are side-effect-free)
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# For JIT, bail on side effects in non-tail position
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return _jit_one(body[-1], params)
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def _jit_one(expr, params):
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"""Transpile a single Scheme expression to a Python expression string."""
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if expr is True: return 'True'
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if expr is False: return 'False'
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if expr is NIL: return 'NIL'
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if isinstance(expr, (int, float)): return repr(expr)
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if isinstance(expr, Fraction): return f'Fraction({expr.numerator},{expr.denominator})'
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if isinstance(expr, str) and not isinstance(expr, Symbol): return repr(expr)
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if isinstance(expr, Symbol):
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s = str(expr)
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if s in params or s.replace('-','_').replace('?','_p').replace('!','_b').isidentifier():
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return s
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raise _JitBail()
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if not isinstance(expr, Pair): raise _JitBail()
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head = expr.car; args = _L(expr.cdr)
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# Special forms
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if head is S('if'):
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test = _jit_one(args[0], params)
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then = _jit_one(args[1], params)
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els = _jit_one(args[2], params) if len(args) > 2 else 'VOID'
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return f'({then} if {test} else {els})'
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if head is S('cond'):
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return _jit_cond(args, params)
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if head is S('begin'):
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return _jit_one(args[-1], params)
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if head is S('let'):
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if isinstance(args[0], Symbol):
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# Named let → while loop as a helper function
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return _jit_named_let(args, params)
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# Regular let → inline
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binds = _L(args[0]); body = args[1:]
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bind_strs = []
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new_params = list(params)
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for b in binds:
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bp = _L(b)
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bind_strs.append(f'{bp[0]}={_jit_one(bp[1], params)}')
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new_params.append(str(bp[0]))
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body_str = _jit_expr(body, new_params)
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return f'(lambda {",".join(str(_L(b)[0]) for b in binds)}: {body_str})({",".join(_jit_one(_L(b)[1], params) for b in binds)})'
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if head is S('and'):
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if not args: return 'True'
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parts = [_jit_one(a, params) for a in args]
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return ' and '.join(f'({p})' for p in parts)
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if head is S('or'):
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if not args: return 'False'
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parts = [_jit_one(a, params) for a in args]
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return ' or '.join(f'({p})' for p in parts)
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if head is S('quote'):
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raise _JitBail() # can't represent arbitrary quoted data
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# Known pure functions → inline Python
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_PYOP = {
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S('+'): '+', S('-'): '-', S('*'): '*',
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S('='): '==', S('<'): '<', S('>'): '>',
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S('<='): '<=', S('>='): '>=',
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}
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if head in _PYOP and len(args) == 2:
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a = _jit_one(args[0], params); b = _jit_one(args[1], params)
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return f'({a} {_PYOP[head]} {b})'
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if head is S('+') and len(args) == 1: return _jit_one(args[0], params)
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if head is S('-') and len(args) == 1: return f'(-{_jit_one(args[0], params)})'
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if head is S('not'): return f'(not {_jit_one(args[0], params)})'
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if head is S('zero?'): return f'({_jit_one(args[0], params)} == 0)'
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if head is S('null?'): return f'({_jit_one(args[0], params)} is NIL)'
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if head is S('pair?'): return f'isinstance({_jit_one(args[0], params)}, Pair)'
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if head is S('car'): return f'{_jit_one(args[0], params)}.car'
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if head is S('cdr'): return f'{_jit_one(args[0], params)}.cdr'
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if head is S('cons'): return f'Pair({_jit_one(args[0], params)},{_jit_one(args[1], params)})'
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if head is S('remainder'): return f'({_jit_one(args[0], params)} % {_jit_one(args[1], params)})'
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if head is S('modulo'): return f'({_jit_one(args[0], params)} % {_jit_one(args[1], params)})'
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if head is S('abs'): return f'abs({_jit_one(args[0], params)})'
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if head is S('expt'): return f'({_jit_one(args[0], params)} ** {_jit_one(args[1], params)})'
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# Generic function call
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if isinstance(head, Symbol):
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fn = str(head)
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call_args = ', '.join(_jit_one(a, params) for a in args)
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return f'{fn}({call_args})'
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raise _JitBail()
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def _jit_cond(clauses, params):
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"""Transpile cond to nested ternary."""
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if not clauses: return 'VOID'
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cl = _L(clauses[0])
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if cl[0] is S('else'):
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return _jit_expr(cl[1:], params)
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test = _jit_one(cl[0], params)
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then = _jit_expr(cl[1:], params) if len(cl) > 1 else test
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rest = _jit_cond(clauses[1:], params)
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return f'({then} if {test} else {rest})'
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def _jit_named_let(args, params):
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"""Transpile named let to a Python helper with while loop.
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Returns a Python expression that calls the helper."""
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name = str(args[0])
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binds = _L(args[1]); body = args[2:]
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bparams = [str(_L(b)[0]) for b in binds]
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all_params = list(params) + bparams + [name]
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# The body becomes a while-True loop with return/continue
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body_expr = _jit_expr(body, all_params)
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# For simple tail-recursive patterns (if test return_val (loop ...)),
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# we can generate a while loop. But for the general case,
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# use recursive Python function.
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init_args = ', '.join(_jit_one(_L(b)[1], params) for b in binds)
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# Generate as a local recursive function
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raise _JitBail() # named-let needs statement-level code, not expression
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def _jit_transpile(instrs, params, name, has_self_tc):
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"""Transpile bytecode to Python source lines using recursive descent."""
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lines = [f'def {name}({", ".join(params)}):']
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indent = ' '
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if has_self_tc:
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lines.append(f'{indent}while True:')
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indent = ' '
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def _expr(ip):
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"""Transpile expression starting at ip, return (python_expr_string, next_ip)."""
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if ip >= len(instrs): raise _JitBail()
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op, arg = instrs[ip]
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if op == OP_CONST:
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if arg is True: return 'True', ip+1
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if arg is False: return 'False', ip+1
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if arg is NIL: return 'NIL', ip+1
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if isinstance(arg, str) and not isinstance(arg, Symbol): return repr(arg), ip+1
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return repr(arg), ip+1
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if op == OP_LOOKUP: return str(arg), ip+1
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if op == OP_LOOK_ADD1: return f'({arg} + 1)', ip+1
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if op == OP_LOOK_SUB1: return f'({arg} - 1)', ip+1
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if op == OP_VOID: return 'VOID', ip+1
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# Binary ops: left expr, right expr, op
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if op in (OP_ADD, OP_SUB, OP_MUL, OP_NUM_EQ, OP_LT, OP_GT, OP_LE, OP_GE,
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OP_CONS, OP_VEC_REF):
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raise _JitBail() # handled by stack below
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raise _JitBail()
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def _block(ip, end):
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"""Transpile a block of instructions [ip, end), return list of (stmt, next_ip)."""
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stmts = []; stack = []
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while ip < end:
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op, arg = instrs[ip]
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if op == OP_CONST:
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if arg is True: stack.append('True')
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elif arg is False: stack.append('False')
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elif arg is NIL: stack.append('NIL')
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elif isinstance(arg, str) and not isinstance(arg, Symbol):
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stack.append(repr(arg))
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else: stack.append(repr(arg))
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ip += 1
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elif op == OP_LOOKUP: stack.append(str(arg)); ip += 1
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elif op == OP_LOOK_ADD1: stack.append(f'({arg} + 1)'); ip += 1
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elif op == OP_LOOK_SUB1: stack.append(f'({arg} - 1)'); ip += 1
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elif op == OP_VOID: stack.append('VOID'); ip += 1
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elif op == OP_ADD: b=stack.pop(); a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} + {b})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_SUB: b=stack.pop(); a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} - {b})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_MUL: b=stack.pop(); a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} * {b})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_NEG: a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'(-{a})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_ADD1: a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} + 1)'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_SUB1: a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} - 1)'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_NUM_EQ: b=stack.pop(); a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} == {b})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_LT: b=stack.pop(); a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} < {b})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_GT: b=stack.pop(); a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} > {b})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_LE: b=stack.pop(); a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} <= {b})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_GE: b=stack.pop(); a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} >= {b})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_NOT: a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'(not {a})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_ZERO_P: a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} == 0)'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_NULL_P: a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'({a} is NIL)'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_PAIR_P: a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'isinstance({a}, Pair)'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_CAR: a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'{a}.car'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_CDR: a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'{a}.cdr'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_CONS: d=stack.pop(); a=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'Pair({a},{d})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_VEC_REF: i=stack.pop(); v=stack.pop(); stack.append(f'{v}[{i}]'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_POP: stack.pop() if stack else None; ip+=1
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elif op == OP_DUP: stack.append(stack[-1]); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_JUMP: ip = arg # forward jump = skip to target
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elif op == OP_JUMP_IF_FALSE:
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cond = stack.pop()
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else_ip = arg
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# Find JUMP at end of then-block → end of if
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# Pattern: [then-block] JUMP end [else-block] end:
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then_end = else_ip - 1
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if then_end >= 0 and instrs[then_end][0] == OP_JUMP:
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end_ip = instrs[then_end][1]
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then_stmts = _block(ip, then_end)
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else_stmts = _block(else_ip, end_ip)
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stmts.append(('if', cond, then_stmts, else_stmts))
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ip = end_ip
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else:
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# No else: if (not cond) skip
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then_stmts = _block(ip, else_ip)
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stmts.append(('if', cond, then_stmts, []))
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ip = else_ip
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elif op == OP_RETURN:
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val = stack.pop() if stack else 'VOID'
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stmts.append(('return', val)); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_SELF_TAIL_CALL:
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tc_n, tc_params = arg
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pnames = [str(p) for p in tc_params]
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args = [];
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for _ in range(tc_n): args.insert(0, stack.pop())
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stmts.append(('self_tc', pnames, args)); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_CALL:
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call_args = [];
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for _ in range(arg): call_args.insert(0, stack.pop())
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func = stack.pop()
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stack.append(f'{func}({",".join(call_args)})'); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_TAIL_CALL:
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call_args = []
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for _ in range(arg): call_args.insert(0, stack.pop())
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func = stack.pop()
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stmts.append(('return', f'{func}({",".join(call_args)})')); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_SET:
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val = stack.pop()
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stmts.append(('assign', str(arg), val)); ip+=1
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elif op == OP_DEFINE:
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val = stack.pop()
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stmts.append(('assign', str(arg), val)); ip+=1
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else:
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raise _JitBail()
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return stmts
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def _emit(stmts, ind):
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for s in stmts:
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if s[0] == 'return':
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lines.append(f'{ind}return {s[1]}')
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elif s[0] == 'self_tc':
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pnames, args = s[1], s[2]
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lines.append(f'{ind}{", ".join(pnames)} = {", ".join(args)}')
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lines.append(f'{ind}continue')
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elif s[0] == 'assign':
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lines.append(f'{ind}{s[1]} = {s[2]}')
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elif s[0] == 'if':
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_, cond, then_s, else_s = s
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lines.append(f'{ind}if {cond}:')
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if then_s: _emit(then_s, ind + ' ')
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else: lines.append(f'{ind} pass')
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if else_s:
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lines.append(f'{ind}else:')
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_emit(else_s, ind + ' ')
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stmts = _block(0, len(instrs))
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_emit(stmts, indent)
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return lines
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def _jit_try(proc, env):
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"""Try to JIT a procedure. Returns JIT'd callable or original proc."""
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if not isinstance(proc, (CompiledProc, Proc)): return proc
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if isinstance(proc, Proc):
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proc = bc_compile_proc(proc, env)
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jit_fn = _jit_compile(proc)
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return jit_fn if jit_fn else proc
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def _disassemble(proc):
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"""Return human-readable bytecode listing."""
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if isinstance(proc, Proc):
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@ -3022,6 +3342,8 @@ def make_global_env():
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# ── Bytecode compiler ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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d(S('compile'), lambda a, e: bc_compile_proc(a[0], e))
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d(S('compiled?'), lambda a, _: isinstance(a[0], CompiledProc))
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d(S('jit'), lambda a, e: _jit_try(a[0], e))
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d(S('jit-source'), lambda a, e: getattr(_jit_compile(a[0] if isinstance(a[0], CompiledProc) else bc_compile_proc(a[0], e)), '_jit_source', False) if isinstance(a[0], (Proc, CompiledProc)) else False)
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d(S('disassemble'),lambda a, _: (print(_disassemble(a[0])) or VOID))
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d(S('save-compiled'), lambda a, _: save_compiled(_str_val(a[0]), a[1]) or VOID)
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d(S('load-compiled'), lambda a, e: load_compiled(_str_val(a[0]), e))
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