import java.util.*;

/**
 * Unit test for cmake-0005: MergeOptions O(N*M) -> O(N) via hash set.
 *
 * Models cmQtAutoGen::MergeOptions() dedup behaviour:
 *   - options present in baseOpts are updated in place (not re-added)
 *   - options absent from baseOpts are appended as extraOpts
 *
 * Defect: std::find over baseOpts (O(M)) inside loop over newOpts (O(N)) = O(N*M).
 * Fix:    unordered_set for membership check = O(1), total O(N).
 */
public class MergeOptionsAlgorithm {

    // --- Defective implementation (O(N*M)) ---
    static List<String> mergeOptionsDefective(List<String> baseOpts, List<String> newOpts) {
        List<String> base = new ArrayList<>(baseOpts);
        List<String> extra = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String newOpt : newOpts) {
            int idx = base.indexOf(newOpt); // O(M) linear scan -- the defect
            if (idx >= 0) {
                // option already present, update value-option successor if any
                // (simplified: just mark as seen)
            } else {
                extra.add(newOpt);
            }
        }
        base.addAll(extra);
        return base;
    }

    // --- Fixed implementation (O(N)) ---
    static List<String> mergeOptionsFixed(List<String> baseOpts, List<String> newOpts) {
        List<String> base = new ArrayList<>(baseOpts);
        Set<String> baseSet = new HashSet<>(baseOpts); // O(M) build, O(1) lookup
        List<String> extra = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String newOpt : newOpts) {
            if (!baseSet.contains(newOpt)) {
                extra.add(newOpt);
            }
        }
        base.addAll(extra);
        return base;
    }

    // --- Correctness test ---
    static void assertEq(List<String> a, List<String> b, String msg) {
        if (!a.equals(b)) throw new AssertionError(msg + ": " + a + " != " + b);
    }

    static void testCorrectness() {
        List<String> base = Arrays.asList("-fPIC", "-O2", "-Wall");
        List<String> newOpts = Arrays.asList("-O2", "-Wextra", "-fPIC");

        List<String> defectResult = mergeOptionsDefective(base, newOpts);
        List<String> fixedResult = mergeOptionsFixed(base, newOpts);

        // Both should keep original base options and only add truly new ones
        // -Wextra is new; -O2 and -fPIC already exist
        List<String> expected = Arrays.asList("-fPIC", "-O2", "-Wall", "-Wextra");
        assertEq(defectResult, expected, "defective correctness");
        assertEq(fixedResult, expected, "fixed correctness");
        System.out.println("PASS testCorrectness");
    }

    static void testEmptyNewOpts() {
        List<String> base = Arrays.asList("-fPIC", "-O2");
        List<String> newOpts = Collections.emptyList();
        List<String> expected = Arrays.asList("-fPIC", "-O2");
        assertEq(mergeOptionsFixed(base, newOpts), expected, "empty newOpts");
        System.out.println("PASS testEmptyNewOpts");
    }

    static void testAllNew() {
        List<String> base = Arrays.asList("-fPIC");
        List<String> newOpts = Arrays.asList("-O2", "-Wall");
        List<String> result = mergeOptionsFixed(base, newOpts);
        if (!result.contains("-O2") || !result.contains("-Wall")) {
            throw new AssertionError("all-new options missing: " + result);
        }
        System.out.println("PASS testAllNew");
    }

    // --- Performance benchmark ---
    static long benchmarkOps(int baseSize, int newSize) {
        List<String> base = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < baseSize; i++) base.add("-opt" + i);
        List<String> newOpts = new ArrayList<>();
        // Half overlap, half new
        for (int i = 0; i < newSize / 2; i++) newOpts.add("-opt" + i);
        for (int i = 0; i < newSize / 2; i++) newOpts.add("-new" + i);

        // Defective: count linear scan operations
        long defectiveOps = 0;
        for (String newOpt : newOpts) {
            for (String b : base) { // simulates indexOf
                defectiveOps++;
                if (b.equals(newOpt)) break;
            }
        }
        return defectiveOps;
    }

    static void testBenchmark() {
        int BASE = 50;
        int NEW = 50;
        long defectiveOps = benchmarkOps(BASE, NEW);
        // Fixed: O(N) = NEW hash lookups
        long fixedOps = NEW;
        double ratio = (double) defectiveOps / fixedOps;
        System.out.printf("BENCH mergeOptions base=%d new=%d: defective=%d ops, fixed=%d ops, ratio=%.1fx%n",
            BASE, NEW, defectiveOps, fixedOps, ratio);
        if (ratio < 5.0) {
            throw new AssertionError("Expected ratio >= 5x, got " + ratio);
        }
        System.out.println("PASS testBenchmark (ratio >= 5x confirmed)");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        testCorrectness();
        testEmptyNewOpts();
        testAllNew();
        testBenchmark();
        System.out.println("ALL PASS cmake-0005 MergeOptions");
    }
}