import java.util.*;

/**
 * CWE-407 simulation tests for Vim defects.
 *
 * vim-0001: ins_compl_add() O(N^2) duplicate completion check
 * vim-0002: sign_placelist() → buf_addsign() O(N^2) sign placement
 */
public class VimTest {

    // ========================================================================
    // vim-0001: ins_compl_add duplicate check — linked-list scan vs hash set
    // ========================================================================

    /**
     * DEFECTIVE: O(N^2) — each insertion scans the full list for duplicates.
     */
    static int complAddDefective(String[] candidates) {
        List<String> matches = new ArrayList<>();
        int ops = 0;
        for (String candidate : candidates) {
            // Linear scan for duplicate — mirrors Vim's do { STRNCMP } while loop
            boolean found = false;
            for (String existing : matches) {
                ops++;
                if (existing.equals(candidate)) {
                    found = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!found) {
                matches.add(candidate);
            }
        }
        return ops;
    }

    /**
     * PATCHED: O(N) — hash set for O(1) amortised duplicate detection.
     */
    static int complAddPatched(String[] candidates) {
        Set<String> seen = new HashSet<>();
        List<String> matches = new ArrayList<>();
        int ops = 0;
        for (String candidate : candidates) {
            ops++;  // hash lookup
            if (seen.add(candidate)) {
                matches.add(candidate);
            }
        }
        return ops;
    }

    static void testVim0001() {
        System.out.println("=== vim-0001: ins_compl_add duplicate check ===");
        // All unique candidates — worst case for duplicate scan
        int N = 1000;
        String[] candidates = new String[N];
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            candidates[i] = "completion_candidate_" + i;
        }

        int opsDefective = complAddDefective(candidates);
        int opsPatched = complAddPatched(candidates);
        double ratio = (double) opsDefective / opsPatched;

        System.out.printf("  N=%d candidates (all unique)%n", N);
        System.out.printf("  Defective ops: %,d%n", opsDefective);
        System.out.printf("  Patched ops:   %,d%n", opsPatched);
        System.out.printf("  Ratio:         %.1fx%n", ratio);

        // Defective: sum(0..N-1) = N*(N-1)/2 = 499,500
        // Patched: N = 1,000
        assert opsDefective >= N * (N - 1) / 2 : "Defective should be O(N^2)";
        assert opsPatched == N : "Patched should be O(N)";
        assert ratio > 100 : "Ratio should exceed 100x, got " + ratio;

        System.out.println("  PASS");
    }

    // ========================================================================
    // vim-0002: sign_placelist O(N^2) — linear walk per sign placement
    // ========================================================================

    /** Simulates a sign entry in a buffer's sign linked list. */
    static class SignEntry {
        int id;
        int lnum;
        String group;
        SignEntry next;

        SignEntry(int id, int lnum, String group) {
            this.id = id;
            this.lnum = lnum;
            this.group = group;
        }
    }

    /**
     * DEFECTIVE: O(N^2) — each sign placement walks from head of list.
     * Mirrors buf_addsign() walking FOR_ALL_SIGNS_IN_BUF for each placement.
     */
    static int signPlaceDefective(int[] lineNumbers) {
        SignEntry head = null;
        int ops = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < lineNumbers.length; i++) {
            int lnum = lineNumbers[i];
            int id = i + 1;
            // Walk from head to find insertion point (sorted by lnum)
            SignEntry prev = null;
            SignEntry curr = head;
            while (curr != null) {
                ops++;
                if (lnum < curr.lnum) break;
                prev = curr;
                curr = curr.next;
            }
            SignEntry newSign = new SignEntry(id, lnum, "default");
            newSign.next = curr;
            if (prev == null) head = newSign;
            else prev.next = newSign;
        }
        return ops;
    }

    /**
     * PATCHED: O(N log N) — sort input, then single-pass insertion with cursor.
     * Mirrors the proposed fix: sort by line number, advance cursor forward.
     */
    static int signPlacePatched(int[] lineNumbers) {
        // Sort input by line number
        int[] sorted = lineNumbers.clone();
        Arrays.sort(sorted);

        SignEntry head = null;
        SignEntry tail = null;
        int ops = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < sorted.length; i++) {
            ops++;  // single step: append at tail (sorted order)
            SignEntry newSign = new SignEntry(i + 1, sorted[i], "default");
            if (tail == null) {
                head = newSign;
                tail = newSign;
            } else {
                tail.next = newSign;
                tail = newSign;
            }
        }
        return ops;
    }

    static void testVim0002() {
        System.out.println("=== vim-0002: sign_placelist linear walk ===");
        int N = 500;
        // Signs placed on sequential lines (sorted input = worst case for defective)
        int[] lines = new int[N];
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            lines[i] = i + 1;
        }

        int opsDefective = signPlaceDefective(lines);
        int opsPatched = signPlacePatched(lines);
        double ratio = (double) opsDefective / opsPatched;

        System.out.printf("  N=%d signs%n", N);
        System.out.printf("  Defective ops: %,d%n", opsDefective);
        System.out.printf("  Patched ops:   %,d%n", opsPatched);
        System.out.printf("  Ratio:         %.1fx%n", ratio);

        // Defective: sum(0..N-1) = N*(N-1)/2 = 124,750
        // Patched: N = 500
        assert opsDefective >= N * (N - 1) / 2 : "Defective should be O(N^2)";
        assert opsPatched == N : "Patched should be O(N)";
        assert ratio > 100 : "Ratio should exceed 100x, got " + ratio;

        System.out.println("  PASS");
    }

    // ========================================================================
    // Main
    // ========================================================================

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        testVim0001();
        testVim0002();
        System.out.println("\nAll Vim tests PASSED.");
    }
}