import java.util.*;

/**
 * CWE-407 unit tests for Crystal compiler defects.
 *
 * crystal-0001: parser.cr parse_type_vars — type_vars Array#includes? O(N²)
 *   while parsing type params: type_vars.includes?(name) in inner loop
 *   Fix: parallel Set for O(1) duplicate detection
 *
 * crystal-0002: restrictions.cr union restrict — discarded Array#includes? O(T×O)
 *   nested loop: other_types × union_types, discarded.includes?(type) per iteration
 *   Fix: discarded = Set(Type).new
 */
public class CrystalTest {

    // --- crystal-0001: type_vars includes? ---

    static List<String> parseTypeVarsList(List<String> input) {
        List<String> typeVars = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String name : input) {
            if (typeVars.contains(name)) {   // O(N) — defect
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("duplicated: " + name);
            }
            typeVars.add(name);
        }
        return typeVars;
    }

    static List<String> parseTypeVarsSet(List<String> input) {
        List<String> typeVars = new ArrayList<>();
        Set<String> seen = new HashSet<>();               // O(1) — fix
        for (String name : input) {
            if (seen.contains(name)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("duplicated: " + name);
            }
            typeVars.add(name);
            seen.add(name);
        }
        return typeVars;
    }

    static void testCrystal0001() throws Exception {
        int N = 3000;
        List<String> typeParams = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) typeParams.add("T" + i);

        // correctness
        List<String> r1 = parseTypeVarsList(typeParams);
        List<String> r2 = parseTypeVarsSet(typeParams);
        assert r1.equals(r2) : "list and set paths must agree";

        // duplicate detection
        List<String> withDup = new ArrayList<>(typeParams);
        withDup.add("T0");
        boolean threwList = false, threwSet = false;
        try { parseTypeVarsList(withDup); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { threwList = true; }
        try { parseTypeVarsSet(withDup); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { threwSet = true; }
        assert threwList && threwSet : "both must detect duplicate";

        // performance
        long t0 = System.nanoTime();
        for (int r = 0; r < 200; r++) parseTypeVarsList(typeParams);
        long tList = System.nanoTime() - t0;

        t0 = System.nanoTime();
        for (int r = 0; r < 200; r++) parseTypeVarsSet(typeParams);
        long tSet = System.nanoTime() - t0;

        double ratio = (double) tList / tSet;
        System.out.printf("crystal-0001: list=%.3fs set=%.3fs ratio=%.1f×%n",
                tList / 1e9, tSet / 1e9, ratio);
        assert ratio > 10 : "Expected >10× speedup, got " + ratio;
        System.out.println("PASS crystal-0001");
    }

    // --- crystal-0002: discarded includes? in union restrict loop ---

    static int restrictUnionList(int otherCount, int unionCount) {
        List<Integer> discarded = new ArrayList<>();
        int matched = 0;
        for (int o = 0; o < otherCount; o++) {
            for (int u = 0; u < unionCount; u++) {
                if (discarded.contains(u)) continue;   // O(D) — defect
                if (u % (o + 1) == 0) {
                    matched++;
                    discarded.add(u);
                }
            }
        }
        return matched;
    }

    static int restrictUnionSet(int otherCount, int unionCount) {
        Set<Integer> discarded = new HashSet<>();
        int matched = 0;
        for (int o = 0; o < otherCount; o++) {
            for (int u = 0; u < unionCount; u++) {
                if (discarded.contains(u)) continue;   // O(1) — fix
                if (u % (o + 1) == 0) {
                    matched++;
                    discarded.add(u);
                }
            }
        }
        return matched;
    }

    static void testCrystal0002() throws Exception {
        int O = 60, U = 200;

        // correctness
        int r1 = restrictUnionList(O, U);
        int r2 = restrictUnionSet(O, U);
        assert r1 == r2 : "list and set must match: " + r1 + " vs " + r2;

        // performance
        long t0 = System.nanoTime();
        for (int r = 0; r < 200; r++) restrictUnionList(O, U);
        long tList = System.nanoTime() - t0;

        t0 = System.nanoTime();
        for (int r = 0; r < 200; r++) restrictUnionSet(O, U);
        long tSet = System.nanoTime() - t0;

        double ratio = (double) tList / tSet;
        System.out.printf("crystal-0002: list=%.3fs set=%.3fs ratio=%.1f×%n",
                tList / 1e9, tSet / 1e9, ratio);
        assert ratio > 3 : "Expected >3× speedup, got " + ratio;
        System.out.println("PASS crystal-0002");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        testCrystal0001();
        testCrystal0002();
        System.out.println("ALL PASS");
    }
}