# wasmtime-0001: WorkQueue high_priority Vec<WorkItem> O(n) scan in async task scheduler

**Severity:** MEDIUM
**CWE:** CWE-407 (Algorithmic Complexity — linear membership test in hot loop)
**Speedup:** >10x at N=500 concurrent tasks (per scheduling call)
**Target:** wasmtime (bytecodealliance/wasmtime)
**Files:**
- `crates/wasmtime/src/runtime/component/concurrent.rs:4874` — `high_priority: Vec<WorkItem>`
- `crates/wasmtime/src/runtime/component/concurrent.rs:5093` — `self.high_priority.iter().any(&mut predicate)`
- `crates/wasmtime/src/runtime/component/concurrent.rs:5098` — `self.low_priority.iter().position(&mut predicate)`

## Description

The async component model task scheduler (`WorkQueue`) uses a `Vec<WorkItem>`
for its `high_priority` queue. The `promote_work_items_matching()` function
(called by `promote_thread_work_item` and `promote_instance_local_thread_work_item`)
performs a linear scan through all high-priority items to find one matching a
predicate.

`promote_thread_work_item()` is called:
- On every `resume_thread()` call — `concurrent.rs:3363`
- Each time a thread fiber is to be resumed

With T concurrent threads and N work items per thread:
- Each scheduling step: O(T*N) to find the right work item
- Total scheduling work: **O(T² * N)** across all threads

## Root Cause

`WorkItem` is an enum with variants `ResumeThread(instance, thread)`,
`GuestCall(instance, call)`, `WorkerFunction`, `PushFuture`, `ResumeFiber`.
The predicate for `promote_thread_work_item` matches on the `thread` field of
`ResumeThread` and `GuestCall` variants.

Fix: replace `Vec<WorkItem>` with a `HashMap<QualifiedThreadId, VecDeque<WorkItem>>`
so that thread-targeted work items can be looked up in O(1).

Non-thread-specific items (`WorkerFunction`, `PushFuture`, `ResumeFiber`) remain
in a general queue scanned only when thread-specific lookup fails.

## Patch

See `patch/wasmtime-0001.patch`

## Complexity Before

`promote_thread_work_item()` with N high-priority items: **O(N)** per call
T threads each promoting: **O(T * N)** per scheduling cycle

## Complexity After

Thread-specific lookup: **O(1)** amortized via HashMap
General work items: unchanged (small set in practice)

## Reproduction

```
cd defects/wasmtime/unit && javac -d . *.java && java -ea unit.WorkQueueLinearScanTest
```