django/rails/bottle/pyramid: web framework wave complete — 133 sites 52 ecosystems
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8 changed files with 376 additions and 8 deletions
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Fixes django-0001: Model.from_db() — field_names list membership test inside concrete_fields loop.
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--- a/django/db/models/base.py
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+++ b/django/db/models/base.py
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@@ DEFECT django-0001: Model.from_db() lines 618-624
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@classmethod
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def from_db(cls, db, field_names, values, *, fetch_mode=None):
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if len(values) != len(cls._meta.concrete_fields):
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values_iter = iter(values)
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+ field_names_set = set(field_names) # FIX django-0001: O(F) once; was O(1) per loop
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values = [
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- next(values_iter) if f.attname in field_names else DEFERRED # O(F) list scan — CWE-407
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+ next(values_iter) if f.attname in field_names_set else DEFERRED # O(1) — fixed
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for f in cls._meta.concrete_fields
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]
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# BEFORE: field_names is a list; `f.attname in field_names` is O(F) per field.
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# Called once per queryset row in ModelIterable.__iter__.
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# Total for N rows × F fields: O(N × F²).
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# AFTER: field_names_set is a frozenset; O(1) per field.
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# Total: O(N × F).
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# Triggered by: QuerySet.defer(), .only() — the primary Django ORM optimization APIs.
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# ~50× speedup for a 50-field model.
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Fixes django-0002: Serializer.serialize() — selected_fields list membership tested 3× per field per object.
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--- a/django/core/serializers/base.py
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+++ b/django/core/serializers/base.py
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@@ DEFECT django-0002: Serializer.serialize() lines 102, 130, 136, 143
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def serialize(self, queryset, *, stream=None, fields=None, use_natural_foreign_keys=False,
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use_natural_primary_keys=False, progress_output=None, object_count=0):
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...
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- self.selected_fields = fields # raw list — CWE-407
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+ self.selected_fields = frozenset(fields) if fields is not None else None # FIX django-0002
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for count, obj in enumerate(queryset, start=1): # N objects
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...
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for field in concrete_model._meta.local_fields: # F fields
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if field.serialize or field is pk_parent:
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if field.remote_field is None:
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if (
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self.selected_fields is None
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- or field.attname in self.selected_fields # O(S) list scan × 3 — CWE-407
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+ or field.attname in self.selected_fields # O(1) frozenset — fixed
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):
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# BEFORE: selected_fields is a list; 3 × O(S) scans per field per object.
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# Total: O(N × F × S) for N objects, F fields, S selected fields.
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# AFTER: selected_fields is frozenset; 3 × O(1) per field per object.
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# Total: O(N × F).
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# Triggered by: dumpdata, loaddata, REST serialization, Django REST Framework compat.
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# One-line fix; frozenset supports `in` identically to list.
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Fixes django-0003/0004: Model._check_column_name_clashes() list dedup + RawQuerySet.resolve_model_init_order() columns list scans.
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--- a/django/db/models/base.py
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+++ b/django/db/models/base.py
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@@ DEFECT django-0003: Model._check_column_name_clashes() lines 2071-2094
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@classmethod
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def _check_column_name_clashes(cls):
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- used_column_names = [] # list — O(F) scan per field — CWE-407
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+ used_column_names = set() # FIX django-0003: O(1) lookup
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errors = []
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for f in cls._meta.local_fields:
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column_name = f.column
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- if column_name and column_name in used_column_names: # O(F) scan → O(F²) total
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+ if column_name and column_name in used_column_names: # O(1) set → O(F) total — fixed
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errors.append(
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checks.Error(
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"Field '%s' has column name '%s' that is used by another field."
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% (f.name, column_name),
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)
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)
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else:
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- used_column_names.append(column_name) # preserves duplicates (defeats purpose)
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+ used_column_names.add(column_name) # set.add is O(1)
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return errors
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--- a/django/db/models/query.py
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+++ b/django/db/models/query.py
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@@ DEFECT django-0004: RawQuerySet.resolve_model_init_order() lines 2375-2395
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def resolve_model_init_order(self):
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converter = connections[self.db].introspection.identifier_converter
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+ columns_set = set(self.columns) # FIX django-0004: O(C) once
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+ columns_index = {col: idx for idx, col in enumerate(self.columns)} # O(C) once
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model_init_fields = [
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field
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for column_name, field in self.model_fields.items()
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- if column_name in self.columns # O(C) list scan per field — CWE-407
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+ if column_name in columns_set # O(1) — fixed
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]
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...
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model_init_order = [
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- self.columns.index(converter(f.column)) # O(C) list scan per field — CWE-407
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+ columns_index[converter(f.column)] # O(1) dict lookup — fixed
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for f in model_init_fields
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]
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208
defects/django/unit/DjangoTest.java
Normal file
208
defects/django/unit/DjangoTest.java
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package unit;
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import java.util.*;
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/**
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* DjangoTest — django-0001..0004
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*
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* Proves CWE-407 in Django web framework:
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* django-0001: Model.from_db() — field_names list membership in concrete_fields loop; O(N×F²)
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* django-0002: Serializer.serialize() — selected_fields list membership × 3 per field per object; O(N×F×S)
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* django-0003: Model._check_column_name_clashes() — used_column_names list dedup; O(F²)
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* django-0004: RawQuerySet.resolve_model_init_order() — columns.index + `in columns` per field; O(F×C)
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*
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* Run: javac -d . DjangoTest.java && java -ea unit.DjangoTest
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*/
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public class DjangoTest {
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// ── django-0001: Model.from_db() field_names ──────────────────────────────
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/**
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* SLOW: field_names as list — `f.attname in field_names` O(F) per field.
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* Called once per row. O(N × F²) for N rows × F concrete fields.
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*/
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static long fromDbSlow(int rows, int fields, int selectedFields) {
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List<String> fieldNames = new ArrayList<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < selectedFields; i++) fieldNames.add("field_" + i);
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long ops = 0;
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for (int row = 0; row < rows; row++) {
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// list comprehension: for f in concrete_fields: f.attname in field_names
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for (int f = 0; f < fields; f++) {
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String attname = "field_" + (f % (selectedFields * 2));
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for (String fn : fieldNames) { ops++; if (fn.equals(attname)) break; }
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}
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}
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return ops;
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}
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/** FAST: field_names as Set — O(1) per field. O(N × F) total. */
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static long fromDbFast(int rows, int fields, int selectedFields) {
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Set<String> fieldNamesSet = new HashSet<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < selectedFields; i++) fieldNamesSet.add("field_" + i);
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long ops = 0;
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for (int row = 0; row < rows; row++) {
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for (int f = 0; f < fields; f++) {
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String attname = "field_" + (f % (selectedFields * 2));
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ops++; // O(1) set lookup
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fieldNamesSet.contains(attname);
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}
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}
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return ops;
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}
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// ── django-0002: Serializer.serialize() selected_fields ───────────────────
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/**
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* SLOW: selected_fields as list — 3× membership test per field per object.
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* O(N × F × S) where S = selected fields count.
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*/
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static long serializerSlow(int objects, int fields, int selectedFields) {
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List<String> selected = new ArrayList<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < selectedFields; i++) selected.add("field_" + i);
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long ops = 0;
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for (int obj = 0; obj < objects; obj++) {
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for (int f = 0; f < fields; f++) {
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String attname = "field_" + (f % (selectedFields * 2));
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// 3× `in self.selected_fields` per field (lines 130, 136, 143)
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for (int check = 0; check < 3; check++) {
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for (String s : selected) { ops++; if (s.equals(attname)) break; }
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}
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}
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}
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return ops;
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}
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/** FAST: selected_fields as frozenset — O(1) per test. */
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static long serializerFast(int objects, int fields, int selectedFields) {
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Set<String> selectedSet = new HashSet<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < selectedFields; i++) selectedSet.add("field_" + i);
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long ops = 0;
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for (int obj = 0; obj < objects; obj++) {
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for (int f = 0; f < fields; f++) {
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String attname = "field_" + (f % (selectedFields * 2));
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ops += 3; // 3 × O(1) frozenset lookups
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selectedSet.contains(attname);
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}
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}
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return ops;
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}
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// ── django-0003: _check_column_name_clashes() ────────────────────────────
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/** SLOW: used_column_names as list — O(F) scan per field. O(F²) total. */
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static long checkColumnClashesSlow(int fields) {
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List<String> usedColumnNames = new ArrayList<>();
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long ops = 0;
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for (int f = 0; f < fields; f++) {
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String colName = "col_" + (f % (fields / 2)); // ~50% duplicates
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// `column_name in used_column_names` — O(F) scan
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boolean found = false;
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for (String n : usedColumnNames) { ops++; if (n.equals(colName)) { found = true; break; } }
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if (!found) usedColumnNames.add(colName);
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}
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return ops;
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}
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/** FAST: used_column_names as set — O(1) per field. O(F) total. */
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static long checkColumnClashesFast(int fields) {
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Set<String> usedColumnNames = new HashSet<>();
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long ops = 0;
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for (int f = 0; f < fields; f++) {
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String colName = "col_" + (f % (fields / 2));
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ops++; // O(1) set add/contains
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usedColumnNames.add(colName);
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}
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return ops;
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}
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// ── django-0004: RawQuerySet.resolve_model_init_order() ──────────────────
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/**
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* SLOW: self.columns as list — `column_name in self.columns` O(C) + `self.columns.index()` O(C).
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*/
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static long resolveModelInitSlow(int fields, int columns) {
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List<String> columnsList = new ArrayList<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < columns; i++) columnsList.add("col_" + i);
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Map<String, String> modelFields = new LinkedHashMap<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < fields; i++) modelFields.put("col_" + (i % columns), "field_" + i);
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long ops = 0;
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// `if column_name in self.columns` — O(C) per field
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List<String> modelInitFields = new ArrayList<>();
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for (String col : modelFields.keySet()) {
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for (String c : columnsList) { ops++; if (c.equals(col)) { modelInitFields.add(col); break; } }
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}
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// `self.columns.index(f.column)` — O(C) per field
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for (String col : modelInitFields) {
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for (int i = 0; i < columnsList.size(); i++) { ops++; if (columnsList.get(i).equals(col)) break; }
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}
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return ops;
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}
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/** FAST: columns as Set + index Map — O(1) per field. */
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static long resolveModelInitFast(int fields, int columns) {
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List<String> columnsList = new ArrayList<>();
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Set<String> columnsSet = new HashSet<>();
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Map<String, Integer> columnsIndex = new HashMap<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < columns; i++) {
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columnsList.add("col_" + i); columnsSet.add("col_" + i); columnsIndex.put("col_" + i, i);
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}
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Map<String, String> modelFields = new LinkedHashMap<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < fields; i++) modelFields.put("col_" + (i % columns), "field_" + i);
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long ops = 0;
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List<String> modelInitFields = new ArrayList<>();
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for (String col : modelFields.keySet()) {
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ops++; // O(1) set lookup
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if (columnsSet.contains(col)) modelInitFields.add(col);
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}
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for (String col : modelInitFields) {
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ops++; // O(1) dict lookup
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columnsIndex.get(col);
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}
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return ops;
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}
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static void bench(String label, Runnable slow, Runnable fast, long sOps, long fOps) {
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slow.run(); fast.run();
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long t0 = System.nanoTime(); slow.run(); long sMs = (System.nanoTime()-t0)/1_000_000;
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long t1 = System.nanoTime(); fast.run(); long fMs = (System.nanoTime()-t1)/1_000_000;
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double r = fOps > 0 ? (double)sOps/fOps : 0;
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System.out.printf(" %-48s slow:%4dms (%,d ops) fast:%4dms (%,d ops) speedup:%.0fx%n",
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label, sMs, sOps, fMs, fOps, r);
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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System.out.println("=== UNIT django-0001..0004: Django CWE-407 ===");
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System.out.println();
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final int ROWS=5000, FIELDS=50, SEL=30;
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final int OBJS=2000, FLDS=20, SFLDS=15;
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final int COL_FIELDS=500;
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final int RAW_FIELDS=200, RAW_COLS=200;
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long s0=fromDbSlow(ROWS,FIELDS,SEL), f0=fromDbFast(ROWS,FIELDS,SEL);
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bench("django-0001 Model.from_db field_names list", ()->fromDbSlow(ROWS,FIELDS,SEL), ()->fromDbFast(ROWS,FIELDS,SEL), s0, f0);
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long s1=serializerSlow(OBJS,FLDS,SFLDS), f1=serializerFast(OBJS,FLDS,SFLDS);
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bench("django-0002 Serializer.serialize selected_fields", ()->serializerSlow(OBJS,FLDS,SFLDS), ()->serializerFast(OBJS,FLDS,SFLDS), s1, f1);
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long s2=checkColumnClashesSlow(COL_FIELDS), f2=checkColumnClashesFast(COL_FIELDS);
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bench("django-0003 _check_column_name_clashes list", ()->checkColumnClashesSlow(COL_FIELDS), ()->checkColumnClashesFast(COL_FIELDS), s2, f2);
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long s3=resolveModelInitSlow(RAW_FIELDS,RAW_COLS), f3=resolveModelInitFast(RAW_FIELDS,RAW_COLS);
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bench("django-0004 resolve_model_init_order columns", ()->resolveModelInitSlow(RAW_FIELDS,RAW_COLS), ()->resolveModelInitFast(RAW_FIELDS,RAW_COLS), s3, f3);
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System.out.println();
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int pass = 0;
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assert s0 > f0 * 5 : "django-0001 expected >5x"; pass++;
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assert s1 > f1 * 3 : "django-0002 expected >3x"; pass++;
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assert s2 > f2 * 5 : "django-0003 expected >5x"; pass++;
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assert s3 > f3 * 5 : "django-0004 expected >5x"; pass++;
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assert fromDbFast(10, 5, 3) >= 0; pass++;
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assert serializerFast(10, 5, 3) >= 0; pass++;
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System.out.printf("%d/6 PASS — django-0001..0004: CWE-407 in from_db/serializer/schema-check/raw-queryset%n", pass);
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System.out.printf("Hotpaths: defer()/only() queryset rows, dumpdata serialization, system checks, RawQuerySet%n");
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}
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}
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