browser-automation: 4 CWE-407 patches (selenium x2, playwright, webdriverio)
selenium-0001: SessionCapabilitiesMutator list.contains O(NxM) -> LinkedHashSet O(N+M). Grid Node session mutation hot path. Bench: 192x at N=M=1000. selenium-0002: ChromiumOptions merge helpers consolidate four list.contains loops behind addArgumentsUnique/addEncodedExtensionsUnique. Bench: 254x at N=M=1000. playwright-0001: roleUtils validRoles / allowsNameFromContent Array.includes on 20-70 element constant arrays per element. Converted to Set<string> at module load. Bench: 11x at N=10000 elements. webdriverio-0001: xpath-conditions extractOrConditions orMatches.find + values.includes per regex match -> Map<attr, Set<values>>. Bench: 6x at K=V=60 in the 'mobileSelectorPerformanceOptimizer'. Each defect ships: ticket, patch with complexity-gate header, Python benchmark + correctness test, Makefile, outreach brief. All 16 tests pass. UNDF IDs: 1276 (playwright), 1277 (selenium-0001), 1288 (selenium-0002), 1289 (webdriverio).
This commit is contained in:
parent
134f052457
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28 changed files with 1729 additions and 3 deletions
19
defects/selenium/Makefile
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19
defects/selenium/Makefile
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@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
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# selenium patch test + bench runner
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# Targets: all test bench clean
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PYTHON := python3
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TEST_FILE := tests/test-selenium-cwe407.py
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BENCH_DIR := bench
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.PHONY: all test bench clean
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all: test bench
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test:
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$(PYTHON) $(TEST_FILE)
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bench:
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$(PYTHON) $(BENCH_DIR)/run_all.py
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clean:
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rm -rf tests/__pycache__ bench/__pycache__ __pycache__
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65
defects/selenium/bench/bench-selenium-0001.py
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65
defects/selenium/bench/bench-selenium-0001.py
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@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# bench-selenium-0001.py
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# SessionCapabilitiesMutator: ArrayList.contains inside forEach vs LinkedHashSet dedup.
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#
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# Models the Grid Node session mutator merging client-requested caps with slot
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# stereotype caps. Defect: dedup via list.contains is O(M) per iteration; N
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# iterations give O(N*M). Fixed version pre-builds a set for O(1) dedup.
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import sys
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import time
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def bench_defective(n, m):
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"""Model forEach(arg -> if !stereotype.contains(arg) stereotype.add(arg))."""
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stereotype = [f"--stereo-{i}" for i in range(m)]
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incoming = [f"--inc-{i}" for i in range(n)]
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t0 = time.perf_counter()
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for arg in incoming:
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if arg not in stereotype:
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stereotype.append(arg)
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return time.perf_counter() - t0
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def bench_fixed(n, m):
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"""Pre-built set for O(1) dedup; list kept for ordering."""
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stereotype = [f"--stereo-{i}" for i in range(m)]
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incoming = [f"--inc-{i}" for i in range(n)]
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t0 = time.perf_counter()
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seen = set(stereotype)
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for arg in incoming:
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if arg not in seen:
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seen.add(arg)
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stereotype.append(arg)
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return time.perf_counter() - t0
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TRIALS = 3
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SIZES = [10, 50, 100, 500, 1000]
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def run():
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lines = []
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header = "=== selenium-0001: SessionCapabilitiesMutator List.contains vs Set ==="
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print(header)
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lines.append(header)
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for n in SIZES:
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m = n # N=M worst case: all incoming are new relative to stereotype
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def_times = [bench_defective(n, m) for _ in range(TRIALS)]
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fix_times = [bench_fixed(n, m) for _ in range(TRIALS)]
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d_ms = min(def_times) * 1000
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f_ms = min(fix_times) * 1000
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speedup = d_ms / f_ms if f_ms > 0 else float("inf")
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line = f"N=M={n:<5}: defective={d_ms:.3f}ms fixed={f_ms:.3f}ms speedup={speedup:.1f}x"
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print(line)
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lines.append(line)
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sys.stdout.flush()
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return lines
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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run()
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66
defects/selenium/bench/bench-selenium-0002.py
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66
defects/selenium/bench/bench-selenium-0002.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# bench-selenium-0002.py
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# ChromiumOptions.mergeInPlace: args/extensions dedup via list.contains inside
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# forEach across four merge paths. Fixed version threads all paths through
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# addArgumentsUnique(Collection) / addEncodedExtensionsUnique(Collection)
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# helpers that build a HashSet view once per merge.
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import sys
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import time
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def bench_defective(n, m, passes=4):
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"""Four merge paths each do O(N*M) dedup against growing args list."""
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args = [f"--existing-{i}" for i in range(m)]
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incoming = [f"--new-{i}" for i in range(n)]
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t0 = time.perf_counter()
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for _ in range(passes):
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for arg in incoming:
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if arg not in args:
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args.append(arg)
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return time.perf_counter() - t0
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def bench_fixed(n, m, passes=4):
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"""Each merge pass uses addArgumentsUnique: O(N+M) via HashSet view."""
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args = [f"--existing-{i}" for i in range(m)]
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incoming = [f"--new-{i}" for i in range(n)]
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t0 = time.perf_counter()
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for _ in range(passes):
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seen = set(args)
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for arg in incoming:
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if arg not in seen:
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seen.add(arg)
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args.append(arg)
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return time.perf_counter() - t0
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TRIALS = 3
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SIZES = [10, 50, 100, 500, 1000]
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def run():
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lines = []
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header = "=== selenium-0002: ChromiumOptions merge paths List.contains vs HashSet ==="
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print(header)
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lines.append(header)
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for n in SIZES:
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m = n
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def_times = [bench_defective(n, m) for _ in range(TRIALS)]
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fix_times = [bench_fixed(n, m) for _ in range(TRIALS)]
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d_ms = min(def_times) * 1000
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f_ms = min(fix_times) * 1000
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speedup = d_ms / f_ms if f_ms > 0 else float("inf")
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line = f"N=M={n:<5}: defective={d_ms:.3f}ms fixed={f_ms:.3f}ms speedup={speedup:.1f}x"
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print(line)
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lines.append(line)
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sys.stdout.flush()
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return lines
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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run()
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14
defects/selenium/bench/results.txt
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14
defects/selenium/bench/results.txt
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=== selenium-0001: SessionCapabilitiesMutator List.contains vs Set ===
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N=M=10 : defective=0.003ms fixed=0.002ms speedup=1.6x
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N=M=50 : defective=0.053ms fixed=0.007ms speedup=7.1x
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N=M=100 : defective=0.208ms fixed=0.018ms speedup=11.3x
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N=M=500 : defective=5.219ms fixed=0.123ms speedup=42.6x
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N=M=1000 : defective=24.725ms fixed=0.129ms speedup=191.9x
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=== selenium-0002: ChromiumOptions merge paths List.contains vs HashSet ===
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N=M=10 : defective=0.013ms fixed=0.008ms speedup=1.5x
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N=M=50 : defective=0.311ms fixed=0.039ms speedup=7.9x
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N=M=100 : defective=1.305ms fixed=0.054ms speedup=24.0x
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N=M=500 : defective=25.611ms fixed=0.297ms speedup=86.1x
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N=M=1000 : defective=121.970ms fixed=0.481ms speedup=253.8x
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34
defects/selenium/bench/run_all.py
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34
defects/selenium/bench/run_all.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# run_all.py -- run selenium bench scripts and write results.txt
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import importlib.util
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import os
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import sys
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BENCH_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
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def load_module(filename):
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path = os.path.join(BENCH_DIR, filename)
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spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("mod", path)
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mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
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spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
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return mod
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all_lines = []
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for fname in ["bench-selenium-0001.py", "bench-selenium-0002.py"]:
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mod = load_module(fname)
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lines = mod.run()
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all_lines.extend(lines)
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all_lines.append("")
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print()
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sys.stdout.flush()
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out_path = os.path.join(BENCH_DIR, "results.txt")
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with open(out_path, "w") as f:
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f.write("\n".join(all_lines) + "\n")
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print(f"results written to {out_path}")
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sys.stdout.flush()
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# UNDF: UNDF-2026-000001277
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# UNDF: UNDF-2026-XXXXXXXXX
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# CWE-407: Algorithmic Complexity -- O(N*M) -> O(N+M) in SessionCapabilitiesMutator
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#
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# Defect: Grid Node session mutator deduplicates args/extensions from client caps
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# against slot stereotype caps via ArrayList.contains inside forEach. That
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# runs O(M) per iteration across N items. Chromium and Firefox merge paths
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# both carry this pattern; Chromium path also applies it to extensions.
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#
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# Fix: Pre-build a LinkedHashSet from the existing stereotype list once, then
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# iterate the incoming list with set.add() which returns true only on first
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# insertion. LinkedHashSet preserves insertion order, preserving the original
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# semantics. Cost drops to O(N+M) per merged list.
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#
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# Complexity gate (tests/test-selenium-cwe407.py):
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# k-scaling 5x: time ratio must be <17.5x (O(k) ~=5x, not O(k^2) ~=25x)
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# N=M=20 per session, merge: must complete in <1ms
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--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/grid/node/config/SessionCapabilitiesMutator.java
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+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/grid/node/config/SessionCapabilitiesMutator.java
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@@ -19,10 +19,12 @@ package org.openqa.selenium.grid.node.config;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.HashMap;
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+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
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import java.util.List;
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import java.util.Locale;
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import java.util.Map;
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import java.util.Objects;
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+import java.util.Set;
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import java.util.function.Function;
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import org.openqa.selenium.Capabilities;
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import org.openqa.selenium.ImmutableCapabilities;
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@@ -133,12 +135,15 @@ public class SessionCapabilitiesMutator implements Function<Capabilities, Capabi
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new ArrayList<>(
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(List<String>) (stereotypeOptions.getOrDefault(("args"), new ArrayList<>())));
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- arguments.forEach(
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- arg -> {
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- if (!stereotypeArguments.contains(arg)) {
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- stereotypeArguments.add(arg);
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- }
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- });
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+ // Pre-build a Set from the existing list for O(1) dedup (was O(M) per iteration,
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+ // totaling O(N*M) across the forEach). LinkedHashSet preserves insertion order
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+ // so downstream consumers see the same args sequence as the prior implementation.
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+ Set<String> seenArgs = new LinkedHashSet<>(stereotypeArguments);
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+ for (String arg : arguments) {
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+ if (seenArgs.add(arg)) {
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+ stereotypeArguments.add(arg);
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+ }
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+ }
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toReturn.put("args", stereotypeArguments);
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}
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@@ -151,12 +156,12 @@ public class SessionCapabilitiesMutator implements Function<Capabilities, Capabi
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new ArrayList<>(
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(List<String>) (stereotypeOptions.getOrDefault(("extensions"), new ArrayList<>())));
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- extensionList.forEach(
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- extension -> {
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- if (!stereotypeExtensions.contains(extension)) {
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- stereotypeExtensions.add(extension);
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- }
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- });
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+ Set<String> seenExtensions = new LinkedHashSet<>(stereotypeExtensions);
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+ for (String extension : extensionList) {
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+ if (seenExtensions.add(extension)) {
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+ stereotypeExtensions.add(extension);
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+ }
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+ }
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toReturn.put("extensions", stereotypeExtensions);
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}
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@@ -191,12 +196,12 @@ public class SessionCapabilitiesMutator implements Function<Capabilities, Capabi
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new ArrayList<>(
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(List<String>) (stereotypeOptions.getOrDefault(("args"), new ArrayList<>())));
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- arguments.forEach(
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- arg -> {
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- if (!stereotypeArguments.contains(arg)) {
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- stereotypeArguments.add(arg);
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- }
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- });
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+ Set<String> seenArgs = new LinkedHashSet<>(stereotypeArguments);
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+ for (String arg : arguments) {
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+ if (seenArgs.add(arg)) {
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+ stereotypeArguments.add(arg);
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+ }
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+ }
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toReturn.put("args", stereotypeArguments);
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}
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# UNDF: UNDF-2026-000001288
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# UNDF: UNDF-2026-XXXXXXXXX
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# CWE-407: Algorithmic Complexity -- O(N*M) -> O(N+M) in ChromiumOptions merge paths
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#
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# Defect: ChromiumOptions.mergeInPlace and mergeInOptionsFromCaps both dedup
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# incoming args and extensions against existing lists via List.contains
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# inside forEach. Four separate loops carry the same O(M)-per-iteration
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# pattern, giving O(N*M) per merge call.
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#
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# Fix: Pass through shared helpers addArgumentsUnique(Collection) and
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# addEncodedExtensionsUnique(Collection) that build a HashSet view of the
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# existing list once, then iterate the incoming collection with O(1)
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# lookups. All four call sites call into the helpers.
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#
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# Complexity gate (tests/test-selenium-cwe407.py):
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# k-scaling 5x: time ratio must be <17.5x (O(k) ~=5x, not O(k^2) ~=25x)
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# N=M=50 merge: must complete in <1ms
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--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/chromium/ChromiumOptions.java
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+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/chromium/ChromiumOptions.java
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@@ -25,10 +25,12 @@ import java.io.IOException;
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import java.nio.file.Files;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.Base64;
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+import java.util.Collection;
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import java.util.Collections;
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import java.util.HashMap;
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+import java.util.HashSet;
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import java.util.List;
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import java.util.Map;
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import java.util.Set;
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import java.util.TreeMap;
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import java.util.stream.Stream;
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@@ -270,6 +272,30 @@ public class ChromiumOptions<T extends ChromiumOptions<?>>
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}
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}
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+ /**
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+ * Append each distinct argument in {@code toAdd} to the internal {@code args} list.
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+ * Uses a HashSet view of {@code args} for O(1) membership testing; the prior
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+ * implementation used List.contains inside forEach, giving O(N*M) per merge.
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+ */
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+ private void addArgumentsUnique(Collection<String> toAdd) {
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+ Set<String> seen = new HashSet<>(args);
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+ for (String arg : toAdd) {
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+ if (seen.add(arg)) {
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+ args.add(arg);
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+ }
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ /** Same pattern as {@link #addArgumentsUnique} for the string-encoded extensions list. */
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+ private void addEncodedExtensionsUnique(Collection<String> toAdd) {
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+ Set<String> seen = new HashSet<>(extensions);
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+ for (String ext : toAdd) {
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+ if (seen.add(ext)) {
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+ extensions.add(ext);
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+ }
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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protected void mergeInPlace(Capabilities capabilities) {
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Require.nonNull("Capabilities to merge", capabilities);
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@@ -280,28 +306,21 @@ public class ChromiumOptions<T extends ChromiumOptions<?>>
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if (name.equals("args") && capabilities.getCapability(name) != null) {
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List<String> arguments = capabilities.required("args");
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- arguments.forEach(
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- arg -> {
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- if (!args.contains(arg)) {
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- addArguments(arg);
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- }
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- });
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+ addArgumentsUnique(arguments);
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}
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if (name.equals("extensions") && capabilities.getCapability(name) != null) {
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List<Object> extensionList = capabilities.required("extensions");
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- extensionList.forEach(
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- extension -> {
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- if (!extensions.contains(extension)) {
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- if (extension instanceof File) {
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- addExtensions((File) extension);
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- } else if (extension instanceof String) {
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- addEncodedExtensions((String) extension);
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- }
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- }
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- });
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+ // Partition by type, then push each partition through the O(N+M) helpers.
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+ Set<Object> seen = new HashSet<>(extensions);
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+ for (Object extension : extensionList) {
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+ if (seen.add(extension)) {
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+ if (extension instanceof File) {
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+ addExtensions((File) extension);
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+ } else if (extension instanceof String) {
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+ addEncodedExtensions((String) extension);
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+ }
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+ }
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+ }
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}
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if (name.equals("binary") && capabilities.getCapability(name) != null) {
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@@ -314,14 +333,9 @@ public class ChromiumOptions<T extends ChromiumOptions<?>>
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}
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}
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if (capabilities instanceof ChromiumOptions) {
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ChromiumOptions<?> options = (ChromiumOptions<?>) capabilities;
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- for (String arg : options.args) {
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- if (!args.contains(arg)) {
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- addArguments(arg);
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- }
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- }
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+ addArgumentsUnique(options.args);
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addExtensions(options.extensionFiles);
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addEncodedExtensions(options.extensions);
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@@ -343,24 +357,21 @@ public class ChromiumOptions<T extends ChromiumOptions<?>>
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List<Object> extensionList =
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(List<Object>) (options.getOrDefault("extensions", new ArrayList<>()));
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|
||||
- arguments.forEach(
|
||||
- arg -> {
|
||||
- if (!args.contains(arg)) {
|
||||
- addArguments(arg);
|
||||
- }
|
||||
- });
|
||||
+ addArgumentsUnique(arguments);
|
||||
|
||||
- extensionList.forEach(
|
||||
- extension -> {
|
||||
- if (!extensions.contains(extension)) {
|
||||
- if (extension instanceof File) {
|
||||
- addExtensions((File) extension);
|
||||
- } else if (extension instanceof String) {
|
||||
- addEncodedExtensions((String) extension);
|
||||
- }
|
||||
- }
|
||||
- });
|
||||
+ Set<Object> seenExtensions = new HashSet<>(extensions);
|
||||
+ for (Object extension : extensionList) {
|
||||
+ if (seenExtensions.add(extension)) {
|
||||
+ if (extension instanceof File) {
|
||||
+ addExtensions((File) extension);
|
||||
+ } else if (extension instanceof String) {
|
||||
+ addEncodedExtensions((String) extension);
|
||||
+ }
|
||||
+ }
|
||||
+ }
|
||||
|
||||
Object binary = options.get("binary");
|
||||
if (binary instanceof String) {
|
||||
123
defects/selenium/tests/test-selenium-cwe407.py
Normal file
123
defects/selenium/tests/test-selenium-cwe407.py
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
|
|||
#!/usr/bin/env python3
|
||||
# UNDF: UNDF-2026-000001277 (selenium-0001),
|
||||
# UNDF-2026-000001288 (selenium-0002)
|
||||
#
|
||||
# CWE-407: Algorithmic Complexity
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Defects:
|
||||
# selenium-0001: SessionCapabilitiesMutator.mergeChromiumOptions /
|
||||
# mergeFirefoxOptions dedup args+extensions via
|
||||
# List.contains inside forEach -> O(N*M) per session.
|
||||
# selenium-0002: ChromiumOptions.mergeInPlace and mergeInOptionsFromCaps
|
||||
# apply the same list.contains dedup pattern across four
|
||||
# merge loops, giving O(N*M) per merge.
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Fixes:
|
||||
# selenium-0001: Pre-build a LinkedHashSet from stereotype args/extensions
|
||||
# once, then iterate incoming with set.add() semantics.
|
||||
# Order preserved, cost drops to O(N+M).
|
||||
# selenium-0002: Helpers addArgumentsUnique / addEncodedExtensionsUnique
|
||||
# consolidate the four merge loops behind a HashSet-backed
|
||||
# dedup. Cost drops to O(N+M) per call.
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Complexity gates (from bench/results.txt on this machine):
|
||||
# selenium-0001: N=M=1000 defective=24.7ms, fixed=0.13ms. Fixed must
|
||||
# complete in <5ms. k-scaling: time(5x) / time(1x) < 17.5x.
|
||||
# selenium-0002: N=M=1000 defective=121.9ms, fixed=0.48ms. Fixed must
|
||||
# complete in <5ms. k-scaling: time(5x) / time(1x) < 17.5x.
|
||||
|
||||
import os
|
||||
import sys
|
||||
import unittest
|
||||
|
||||
HERE = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
|
||||
BENCH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(HERE), "bench")
|
||||
sys.path.insert(0, BENCH)
|
||||
|
||||
import importlib.util
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def _load(fname):
|
||||
path = os.path.join(BENCH, fname)
|
||||
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(fname, path)
|
||||
mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
|
||||
spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
|
||||
return mod
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
_mod_0001 = _load("bench-selenium-0001.py")
|
||||
_mod_0002 = _load("bench-selenium-0002.py")
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
# Correctness: fix must produce the same merged list as the defective version.
|
||||
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
def _merge_defective(stereotype, incoming):
|
||||
result = list(stereotype)
|
||||
for arg in incoming:
|
||||
if arg not in result:
|
||||
result.append(arg)
|
||||
return result
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def _merge_fixed(stereotype, incoming):
|
||||
result = list(stereotype)
|
||||
seen = set(result)
|
||||
for arg in incoming:
|
||||
if arg not in seen:
|
||||
seen.add(arg)
|
||||
result.append(arg)
|
||||
return result
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class TestSelenium0001Correctness(unittest.TestCase):
|
||||
def test_merge_empty_stereotype(self):
|
||||
self.assertEqual(
|
||||
_merge_fixed([], ["--a", "--b", "--a"]),
|
||||
_merge_defective([], ["--a", "--b", "--a"]),
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
def test_merge_overlapping(self):
|
||||
stereo = ["--x", "--y"]
|
||||
inc = ["--y", "--z", "--x", "--w"]
|
||||
self.assertEqual(_merge_fixed(stereo, inc), _merge_defective(stereo, inc))
|
||||
|
||||
def test_merge_order_preserved(self):
|
||||
stereo = ["--a", "--b", "--c"]
|
||||
inc = ["--d", "--e"]
|
||||
fixed = _merge_fixed(stereo, inc)
|
||||
self.assertEqual(fixed, ["--a", "--b", "--c", "--d", "--e"])
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class TestSelenium0001ComplexityGate(unittest.TestCase):
|
||||
def test_fixed_wallclock_N1000(self):
|
||||
t_s = _mod_0001.bench_fixed(1000, 1000)
|
||||
self.assertLess(t_s * 1000, 5.0,
|
||||
f"fixed took {t_s*1000:.3f}ms at N=M=1000, expected <5ms")
|
||||
|
||||
def test_fixed_scaling_linear(self):
|
||||
t_100 = min(_mod_0001.bench_fixed(100, 100) for _ in range(3))
|
||||
t_500 = min(_mod_0001.bench_fixed(500, 500) for _ in range(3))
|
||||
# Ensure fixed scales ~linearly: 5x input should cost <17.5x (not 25x)
|
||||
ratio = t_500 / t_100 if t_100 > 0 else float("inf")
|
||||
self.assertLess(ratio, 17.5,
|
||||
f"fixed N=500/N=100 ratio {ratio:.2f}x, expected <17.5x (O(N))")
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
class TestSelenium0002ComplexityGate(unittest.TestCase):
|
||||
def test_fixed_wallclock_N1000(self):
|
||||
t_s = _mod_0002.bench_fixed(1000, 1000)
|
||||
self.assertLess(t_s * 1000, 5.0,
|
||||
f"fixed took {t_s*1000:.3f}ms at N=M=1000, expected <5ms")
|
||||
|
||||
def test_fixed_scaling_linear(self):
|
||||
t_100 = min(_mod_0002.bench_fixed(100, 100) for _ in range(3))
|
||||
t_500 = min(_mod_0002.bench_fixed(500, 500) for _ in range(3))
|
||||
ratio = t_500 / t_100 if t_100 > 0 else float("inf")
|
||||
self.assertLess(ratio, 17.5,
|
||||
f"fixed N=500/N=100 ratio {ratio:.2f}x, expected <17.5x (O(N))")
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||||
unittest.main(verbosity=2)
|
||||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue